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      Influenza is now a preventable disease

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      Author(s): * ,
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
      Publisher: Published by Elsevier B.V.
      Keywords: Influenza virus, Antiviral agents

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          Abstract

          The world is waiting with apprehension for the predicted pandemic of H5N1 (avian) influenza as an increasing number of countries in Asia, Europe and Africa report cases of influenza in migrating birds. All is not ‘despondency’, however. Targeted and controlled administration of antiviral drugs, alone or in combination, to contacts and cases, together with well tried public health measures, should slow down the spread of the infection and allow time for vaccines to be developed, thus preventing a worldwide pandemic of the type that occurred in 1918.

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          Rational design of potent sialidase-based inhibitors of influenza virus replication.

          M. von Itzstein, W Wu, G B Kok … (1993)
          Two potent inhibitors based on the crystal structure of influenza virus sialidase have been designed. These compounds are effective inhibitors not only of the enzyme, but also of the virus in cell culture and in animal models. The results provide an example of the power of rational, computer-assisted drug design, as well as indicating significant progress in the development of a new therapeutic or prophylactic treatment for influenza infection.
          Article 0 comments Cited 273 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Oseltamivir resistance during treatment of influenza A (H5N1) infection.

            Menno de Jong, Tran Thanh, Truong Khanh … (2005)
            Influenza A (H5N1) virus with an amino acid substitution in neuraminidase conferring high-level resistance to oseltamivir was isolated from two of eight Vietnamese patients during oseltamivir treatment. Both patients died of influenza A (H5N1) virus infection, despite early initiation of treatment in one patient. Surviving patients had rapid declines in the viral load to undetectable levels during treatment. These observations suggest that resistance can emerge during the currently recommended regimen of oseltamivir therapy and may be associated with clinical deterioration and that the strategy for the treatment of influenza A (H5N1) virus infection should include additional antiviral agents. Copyright 2005 Massachusetts Medical Society.
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              Clinical features and rapid viral diagnosis of human disease associated with avian influenza A H5N1 virus.

              K. Yuen, P. Chan, M. Peiris … (1998)
              Human infection with an avian influenza A virus (subtype H5N1) was reported recently in Hong Kong. We describe the clinical presentation of the first 12 patients and options for rapid viral diagnosis. Case notes of 12 patients with virus-culture-confirmed influenza A H5N1 infection were analysed. The clinical presentation and risk factors associated with severe disease were defined and the results of methods for rapid virus diagnosis were compared. Patients ranged from 1 to 60 years of age. Clinical presentation was that of an influenza-like illness with evidence of pneumonia in seven patients. All seven patients older than 13 years had severe disease (four deaths), whereas children 5 years or younger had mild symptoms with the exception of one who died with Reye's syndrome associated with intake of aspirin. Gastrointestinal manifestations, raised liver enzymes, renal failure unrelated to rhabdomyolysis, and pancytopenia were unusually prominent. Factors associated with severe disease included older age, delay in hospitalisation, lower-respiratory-tract involvement, and a low total peripheral white blood cell count or lymphopenia at admission. An H5-specific reverse-transcription PCR assay (RT-PCR) was useful for rapid detection of virus directly in respiratory specimens. A commercially available enzyme immunoassay was more sensitive than direct immunofluorescence for rapid viral diagnosis. Direct immunofluorescence with an H5-specific monoclonal antibody pool was useful for rapid exclusion of H5-subtype infection. Avian Influenza A H5N1 virus causes human influenza-like illness with a high rate of complications in adults admitted to hospital. Rapid H5-subtype-specific laboratory diagnosis can be made by RT-PCR applied directly to clinical specimens.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                J.S. Oxford
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Int J Antimicrob Agents
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents
                Title: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
                Publisher: Published by Elsevier B.V.
                ISSN (Print): 0924-8579
                ISSN (Electronic): 1872-7913
                Publication date PMC-release: 27 March 2006
                Publication date (Print): April 2006
                Publication date (Electronic): 27 March 2006
                Volume: 27
                Issue: 4
                Pages: 271-273
                Affiliations
                Retroscreen Virology Ltd., Centre for Infectious Diseases, Bart's and The London, Queen Mary's School of Medicine and Dentistry, 327 Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author. Tel.: +44 20 7377 7611. m.bush@ 123456retroscreen.com
                Article
                Publisher ID: S0924-8579(06)00052-5
                DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.02.007
                PMC ID: 7134850
                PubMed ID: 16564681
                SO-VID: 58645fde-5917-474b-ae6e-b71a964a60c2
                Copyright statement: Copyright © 2006 Published by Elsevier B.V.
                License:

                Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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                Subject: Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Keywords: influenza virus,antiviral agents
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                ScienceOpen disciplines: Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Keywords: influenza virus, antiviral agents

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