Impulsividade e acidentes de trânsito

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Abstract

CONTEXTO: As lesões por acidentes de trânsito são um problema de saúde pública e constituem uma das principais causa mortis de adultos jovens no mundo. OBJETIVO: Revisar resultados relevantes sobre a relação entre impulsividade e comportamentos de risco e acidentes de trânsito. MÉTODO: O levantamento bibliográfico foi realizado nas bases MedLine, LILACS, Desastres, Cochrane Lybrary, no banco de teses da CAPES e PsycINFO, compreendendo o período de 1966 a 2006. RESULTADOS: Dos 11 estudos originais encontrados ("n" de 3806 indivíduos), seis abordaram a associação entre impulsividade e comportamento de risco no trânsito e cinco trataram da impulsividade e acidentes de trânsito. A associação entre impulsividade e correr por aventura foi observada em dois estudos e a correlação entre impulsividade e infrações em três. No desfecho acidentes, três autores mostraram associação e dois não. CONCLUSÕES: A impulsividade está associada ao comportamento de risco no trânsito, correr por aventura e infrações. A associação entre impulsividade e mais envolvimento em acidentes é controversa.

Translated abstract

BACKGROUND: Injuries due to road traffic accidents are a major public health problem as well as one of the main causes of death among young males aged 15 to 44 years. OBJECTIVES: This paper reviews the relation between impulsiveness and risk driving behavior and between impulsiveness and traffic accidents. METHODS: Bibliographic review. Sources: MedLine (1966 to 2006), Cochrane databases, LILACS, Desastres, PsycINFO and CAPES theses archive. RESULTS: In total, 11 original studies (n=3806). Association between impulsiveness and speeding for the thrill (02 articles), impulsiveness and driver violations (03 articles) and impulsiveness traffic road accidents (03 articles). CONCLUSIONS: The impulsiveness is associated to the risky driving behavior, "run for thrill" and "traffic violations". The association between impulsiveness and accident proness is controversal.

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Most cited references 49

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The relationship between sensation seeking and risky behaviour has been observed since the 1970s. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, road safety researchers have examined the relationship between sensation seeking and risky driving (e.g. driving while impaired, speeding, following too closely), as well as its consequences (e.g. collisions, violations). There is also growing evidence that sensation seeking may also moderate the manner in which drivers respond to other factors such as alcohol impairment and perceived risk. This paper reviews and synthesizes the literature on sensation seeking as a direct influencer of risky driving and its consequences and as a moderator of the influence of other factors. The vast majority of the 40 studies reviewed showed positive relationships between sensation seeking (SS) and risky driving, with correlations in the 0.30-0.40 range, depending on gender and the measure of risky driving and SS employed. Of those studies that have looked at the subscales of Zuckerman's Sensation Seeking Scale, Thrill and Adventure Seeking appears to have the strongest relationship to risky driving. The biological bases of SS is discussed as are the implications for collision prevention measures.

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Literature concerned with five broad categories of psychosocial variables contributing to the risk of traffic accidents is reviewed: (1) demographic characteristics, (2) excessive alcohol use, (3) personality traits, (4) acute states of emotional distress and (5) driving-related attitudes. A theoretical cognitive-behavioral model is presented in an attempt to integrate the results concerning the influence of these different factors.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Marcus Maximilliano Araújo: Role: ND

Leandro Fernandes Malloy-Diniz: Role: ND

Fábio Lopes Rocha: Role: ND

Journal

Journal ID (publisher): rpc

Title: Archives of Clinical Psychiatry (São Paulo)

Abbreviated Title: Arch. Clin. Psychiatry (São Paulo)

Publisher: Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (São Paulo )

ISSN: 1806-938X

Publication date (Print): 2009

Volume: 36

Issue: 2

Pages: 60-68

Affiliations

[1 ] Instituto Brasileiro de Ciências Criminais

[2 ] Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Brazil

[3 ] Instituto de Previdência dos Servidores do Estado de Minas Gerais Brazil

Article

Publisher ID: S0101-60832009000200004

DOI: 10.1590/S0101-60832009000200004

SO-VID: 58d49b3b-fae9-4f07-b1e5-480a99f05828

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

History

Product

SciELO Brazil

Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0101-6083&lng=en

Impulsividade e acidentes de trânsito Translated title: Impulsiveness and traffic accidents

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