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Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that microbes might be used to remediate metal contamination
by removing metals from contaminated water or waste streams, sequestering metals in
soils and sediments or solubilizing metals to aid in their extraction. This is primarily
accomplished either by biosorption of metals or enzymatically catalyzed changes in
the metal redox state. Bioremediation of metals is still primarily a research problem
with little large-scale application of this technology.