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      Prevalencia y determinantes sociales de malnutrición en menores de 5 años afiliados al Sistema de Selección de Beneficiarios para Programas Sociales (SISBEN) del área urbana del municipio de Palermo en Colombia, 2017 Translated title: Prevalence and social determinants of malnutrition in children under 5 years affiliated to the SISBEN of the urban area of the municipality of Palermo in Colombia, 2017

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          Abstract

          Resumen Introducción: La malnutrición abarca la desnutrición, el sobrepeso y la obesidad, generada por desbalance alimentario y presencia de determinantes sociales de la salud (DSS) que afecta principalmente a la población infantil. Objetivo: Identificar la prevalencia de malnutrición y su asociación con DSS, en menores de 5 años pertenecientes al Sistema de Selección de Beneficiarios para Programas Sociales (SISBEN) del área urbana del municipio de Palermo. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de corte transversal, con enfoque analítico. Muestra de 254 niños menores de 5 años pertenecientes al SISBEN residentes del área urbana del municipio de Palermo. La información socioeconómica se recolectó por una encuesta y la clasificación nutricional por valoración antropométrica. Resultados: El 6,7% presentaron malnutrición por déficit y 9,8% por exceso. Se encontró asociación entre desnutrición crónica con hacinamiento (p=0,03; RP=1,9 IC: 95% 1,138 - 3,173) y con bajo ingreso económico, (p=0,004; RP=1,96 IC: 95% 1,22 - 3,15); entre desnutrición aguda y disposición inadecuada de basuras (p=0,03; RP=6 IC: 95% 4,2 - 8,7); y entre desnutrición global con bajo ingreso económico (p=0,02; RP=2,2 IC: 95% 1,11 - 4,35) y vivienda inadecuada (p=0,03; RP=2,08 IC: 95% 1,06 - 4,06). Conclusiones: Coexisten los dos extremos de malnutrición: por exceso y por defecto, ésta última, relacionada con determinantes: hacinamiento, bajo ingreso económico familiar y disposición inadecuada de basuras.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Introduction: Malnutrition includes undernourishment, overweight and obesity generated by food imbalance and the presence of social determinants of health (SDH) that mainly affects the child population. Objective: To identify the prevalence of malnutrition and its association with SDH in children under 5 years belonging to Sistema de Beneficiarios para Programas Sociales (SISBEN) program from the urban area of the municipality of Palermo. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study with an analytical approach was conducted. The sample was 254 children under 5 belonging to the SISBEN and residents of the urban area of the municipality of Palermo. Socioeconomic information was collected by a survey and nutritional classification by anthropometric valuation. Results: 6.7% showed malnutrition by deficit and 9.8% by excess. Association between chronic malnutrition with overcrowding (P = 0.03; RP = 1.9 IC: 95% 1.138 - 3.173) and low economic income was found (p = 0.004; RP = 1.96 IC: 95% 1.22 - 3.15); as well as between acute malnutrition and inadequate disposal of waste (P = 0.03; RP = 6 IC: 95% 4.2 - 8.7);and between global malnutrition with low economic income (P = 0.02; RP = 2.2 IC: 95% 1.11 - 4.35) and inadequate housing (p = 0.03; RP = 2.08 IC: 95% 1.06 - 4.06). Conclusions: The two extremes of malnutrition coexist: by excess and by defect. The latter is related to overcrowding, low family income and inadequate disposal of rubbish.

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          Severe childhood malnutrition

          The main forms of childhood malnutrition occur predominantly in children <5 years of age living in low-income and middle-income countries and include stunting, wasting and kwashiorkor, of which severe wasting and kwashiorkor are commonly referred to as severe acute malnutrition. Here, we use the term ‘severe malnutrition’ to describe these conditions to better reflect the contributions of chronic poverty, poor living conditions with pervasive deficits in sanitation and hygiene, a high prevalence of infectious diseases and environmental insults, food insecurity, poor maternal and fetal nutritional status and suboptimal nutritional intake in infancy and early childhood. Children with severe malnutrition have an increased risk of serious illness and death, primarily from acute infectious diseases. International growth standards are used for the diagnosis of severe malnutrition and provide therapeutic end points. The early detection of severe wasting and kwashiorkor and outpatient therapy for these conditions using ready-to-use therapeutic foods form the cornerstone of modern therapy, and only a small percentage of children require inpatient care. However, the normalization of physiological and metabolic functions in children with malnutrition is challenging, and children remain at high risk of relapse and death. Further research is urgently needed to improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of severe malnutrition, especially the mechanisms causing kwashiorkor, and to develop new interventions for prevention and treatment.
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            Household availability of ultra-processed foods and obesity in nineteen European countries.

            To assess household availability of NOVA food groups in nineteen European countries and to analyse the association between availability of ultra-processed foods and prevalence of obesity.
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              Childhood Malnutrition and Its Determinants among Under-Five Children in Ghana.

              Childhood malnutrition adversely affects short- and long-term health and economic well-being of children. Malnutrition is a global challenge and accounts for around 40% of under-five mortality in Ghana. Limited studies are available indicating determinants of malnutrition among children. This study investigates prevalence and determinants of malnutrition among children under-five with the aim of providing advice to policymakers and other stakeholders responsible for the health and nutrition of children.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                reus
                Universidad y Salud
                Univ. Salud
                Universidad de Nariño (Pasto, Nariño, Colombia )
                0124-7107
                2389-7066
                December 2018
                : 20
                : 3
                : 236-246
                Affiliations
                [1] Neiva Huila orgnameUniversidad Surcolombiana Colombia
                [2] Medellín Antioquía orgnameUniversidad CES orgdiv1Escuela de Graduados Colombia
                Article
                S0124-71072018000300236
                10.22267/rus.182003.126
                59d1fe51-ce38-477f-86a0-6ca9de59b6d0

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 21 December 2017
                : 20 April 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 41, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Colombia


                obesity,obesidad,cuidadores,determinantes sociales de la salud,Malnutrition,overweight,caregivers,social determinants of health,Desnutrición,sobrepeso

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