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      Survival for immunity: the price of immune system activation for bumblebee workers.

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          Abstract

          Parasites do not always harm their hosts because the immune system keeps an infection at bay. Ironically, the cost of using immune defenses could itself reduce host fitness. This indirect cost of parasitism is often not visible because of compensatory resource intake. Here, workers of the bumblebee, Bombus terrestris, were challenged with lipopolysaccharides and micro-latex beads to induce their immune system under starvation (i.e., not allowing compensatory intake). Compared with controls, survival of induced workers was significantly reduced (by 50 to 70%).

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Science
          Science (New York, N.Y.)
          American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
          0036-8075
          0036-8075
          Nov 10 2000
          : 290
          : 5494
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Experimental Ecology, ETH-Zentrum, NW, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland. moret@eco.umnw.ethz.ch
          Article
          8972
          10.1126/science.290.5494.1166
          11073456
          59f88ea0-126f-42f9-8484-e5208a75b692
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