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      Fabrication and Properties of Polycaprolactone Composites Containing Calcium Phosphate-Based Ceramics and Bioactive Glasses in Bone Tissue Engineering: A Review

      1 , 2 , 1
      Polymer Reviews
      Informa UK Limited

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          Mechanical properties and the hierarchical structure of bone.

          Detailed descriptions of the structural features of bone abound in the literature; however, the mechanical properties of bone, in particular those at the micro- and nano-structural level, remain poorly understood. This paper surveys the mechanical data that are available, with an emphasis on the relationship between the complex hierarchical structure of bone and its mechanical properties. Attempts to predict the mechanical properties of bone by applying composite rule of mixtures formulae have been only moderately successful, making it clear that an accurate model should include the molecular interactions or physical mechanisms involved in transfer of load across the bone material subunits. Models of this sort cannot be constructed before more information is available about the interactions between the various organic and inorganic components. Therefore, further investigations of mechanical properties at the 'materials level', in addition to the studies at the 'structural level' are needed to fill the gap in our present knowledge and to achieve a complete understanding of the mechanical properties of bone.
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            Electrospun poly(epsilon-caprolactone)/gelatin nanofibrous scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering.

            Nerve tissue engineering is one of the most promising methods to restore nerve systems in human health care. Scaffold design has pivotal role in nerve tissue engineering. Polymer blending is one of the most effective methods for providing new, desirable biocomposites for tissue-engineering applications. Random and aligned PCL/gelatin biocomposite scaffolds were fabricated by varying the ratios of PCL and gelatin concentrations. Chemical and mechanical properties of PCL/gelatin nanofibrous scaffolds were measured by FTIR, porometry, contact angle and tensile measurements, while the in vitro biodegradability of the different nanofibrous scaffolds were evaluated too. PCL/gelatin 70:30 nanofiber was found to exhibit the most balanced properties to meet all the required specifications for nerve tissue and was used for in vitro culture of nerve stem cells (C17.2 cells). MTS assay and SEM results showed that the biocomposite of PCL/gelatin 70:30 nanofibrous scaffolds enhanced the nerve differentiation and proliferation compared to PCL nanofibrous scaffolds and acted as a positive cue to support neurite outgrowth. It was found that the direction of nerve cell elongation and neurite outgrowth on aligned nanofibrous scaffolds is parallel to the direction of fibers. PCL/gelatin 70:30 nanofibrous scaffolds proved to be a promising biomaterial suitable for nerve regeneration.
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              Biomaterials for bone tissue engineering

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Polymer Reviews
                Polymer Reviews
                Informa UK Limited
                1558-3724
                1558-3716
                February 08 2017
                January 02 2018
                June 28 2017
                January 02 2018
                : 58
                : 1
                : 164-207
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
                [2 ] College of Chemical Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
                Article
                10.1080/15583724.2017.1332640
                5a4d26ae-3893-4e6f-9e2f-b47d4586a2d1
                © 2018
                History

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