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      Parathyroidectomy in Chronic Renal Failure: Has Medical Care Reduced the Need for Surgery?

      review-article
      ,
      Nephron
      S. Karger AG
      Dialysis, chronic, Calcitriol, Parathyroidectomy, End-stage renal disease

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          Abstract

          Subtotal or total parathyroidectomy is sometimes required for the management of severe secondary or tertiary hyperparathyroidism. Advances in medical and dialysis care may have a beneficial effect on hyperphosphatemia and vitamin D status, which could, in turn, reduce the need for parathyroidectomy. We used the United States Renal Data System to test this hypothesis. We found that the percentage of prevalent end-stage renal disease patients undergoing subtotal or total parathyroidectomy has declined significantly from 1988 to 1998. It is likely that improved medical and dialysis care has enabled this result.

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          Most cited references1

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          Control of serum phosphate without any phosphate binders in patients treated with nocturnal hemodialysis.

          We compared the efficacy and the long-term effects of nocturnal hemodialysis (NHD) versus conventional hemodialysis (CHD) in controlling serum phosphate levels in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Patients underwent thrice weekly CHD and were subsequently switched to NHD six nights weekly. In the "acute" study serum and dialysate phosphate were measured during and after dialysis, and the total dialysate was collected to calculate mass solute removal. Although pre-dialysis (1.7 +/- 0.6 vs. 1.5 +/- 0.8 mM) serum phosphate levels were similar in CHD and NHD, respectively, post-dialysis levels were slightly lower with CHD (0.7 +/- 0.2 vs. 0.8 +/- 0.2 mM, P < 0.05). The measured phosphate removed per session of CHD or NHD was comparable, 25.3 +/- 7.5 versus 26.9 +/- 9.8 mumol/session, respectively. On the other hand, the cumulative weekly phosphate removal was significantly higher with NHD as compared to CHD, 75.8 +/- 22.5 versus 161.6 +/- 59.0 mumol/week (P < 0.01). In the "chronic" study serum phosphate levels were measured monthly for five months on CHD and for five months after the patients were switched to NHD. Dietary phosphate intake and the dosage of phosphate binders were tabulated. Serum phosphate levels fell during NHD: 2.1 +/- 0.5 mM at the beginning of the study and 1.3 +/- 0.2 mM five months after being switched to NHD (P < 0.001). At the same time dietary phosphate intake increased by 50%. By the fourth month of NHD therapy none of the patients was taking any phosphate binders. In conclusion, NHD is more effective in controlling serum phosphate levels than CHD, allowing patients to discontinue their phosphate binders completely and to ingest a more liberal diet.
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            Author and article information

            Journal
            NEF
            Nephron
            10.1159/issn.1660-8151
            Nephron
            S. Karger AG
            1660-8151
            2235-3186
            2001
            2001
            10 October 2001
            : 89
            : 3
            : 271-273
            Affiliations
            Departments of Medicine and Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisc., USA
            Article
            46084 Nephron 2001;89:271–273
            10.1159/000046084
            11598388
            5a4e51da-b380-4961-a2bf-5076a44390f4
            © 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel

            Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

            History
            Page count
            Figures: 1, Tables: 1, References: 7, Pages: 3
            Categories
            Original Paper

            Cardiovascular Medicine,Nephrology
            Dialysis, chronic,Calcitriol,Parathyroidectomy,End-stage renal disease

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