17
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Clinical and autoimmune features of a patient with autism spectrum disorder seropositive for anti—NMDA-receptor autoantibody Translated title: Características clínicas y autoinmunes de un paciente con un trastorno del espectro autista y seropositividad para auto-anticuerpos antireceptor NMDA Translated title: Tableaux clinique et auto-immun d'un patient atteint d'un trouble du spectre autistique et positif aux auto-anticorps anti-récepteur NMDA

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by dysfunctions in social interactions resulting from a complex interplay between immunogenetic and environmental risk factors. Autoimmunity has been proposed as a major etiological component of ASD. Whether specific autoantibodies directed against brain targets are involved in ASD remains an open question. Here, we identified within a cohort an ASD patient with multiple circulating autoantibodies, including the well-characterized one against glutamate NMDA receptor (NMDAR-Ab). The patient exhibited alexithymia and previously suffered from two major depressive episodes without psychotic symptoms. Using a single molecule-based imaging approach, we demonstrate that neither NMDAR-Ab type G immunoglobulin purified from the ASD patient serum, nor that from a seropositive healthy subject, disorganize membrane NMDAR complexes at synapses. These findings suggest that the autistic patient NMDAR-Abs do not play a direct role in the etiology of ASD and that other autoantibodies directed against neuronal targets should be investigated.

          Translated abstract

          El trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) es un trastorno del neurodesarrollo caracterizado por dísfunciones en las interacciones sociales que se traducen en un complejo interjuego entre factores de riesgo ambientales e inmunogenéticos. Se ha propuesto a la autoinmunidad como un componente etiológico importante en el TEA. Sigue pendiente saber si hay autoanticuerpos específicos dirigidos contra blancos cerebrales involucrados en el TEA. En este artículo se identificó, dentro de una cohorte, un paciente con TEA con múltiples autoanticuerpos circulantes, incluyendo uno bien caracterizado contra el receptor de glutamato NMDA (NMDAR-Ab). El paciente presentaba alexitimia y previamente había tenido dos episodios depresivos mayores sin síntomas psicóticos. Mediante técnica de imágenes de molécula única se demostró que ni la γ inmunoglobulina purificada del NMDAR-Ab del suero del paciente con TEA, ni la de un sujeto sano seropositivo desorganizaban los complejos de membrana del NMDAR en las sinapsis. Estos hallazgos sugieren que los auto-anticuerpos del NMDAR de pacientes autistas no juegan un papel directo en la etiología del TEA y que se deben investigar otros autoanticuerpos dirigidos contra blancos neuronales.

          Translated abstract

          Les troubles du spectre autistique (TSA) sont des maladies neurodéveloppementales caracterisées par des dysfonctions des interactions sociales provoquées par un jeu complexe entre des facteurs de risque immunogénétiques et environnementaux. L'auto-immunité a été proposée comme composant étiologique majeur des TSA. Il reste à savoir si des auto-anticorps spécifiques dirigés contre des cibles cérébrales sont impliqués dans les TSA. Dans cet article, nous identifions au sein d'une cohorte, un patient TSA ayant de nombreux auto-anticorps circulants dont celui très connu contre le récepteur NMDA du glutamate (NMDAR-Ab). Ce patient présente une alexithymie et a eu antérieurement deux épisodes dépressifs caractérisés sans symptômes psychotiques. Grâce à l'utilisation d'une technique d'imagerie de molécule unique, nous démontrons que ni l'immunoglobuline γ purifiée NMDAR-Ab sérique du patient TSA ni celle d'un patient sain ayant le même anticorps ne désorganisent les complexes membranaires NMDAR au niveau synaptique. Ces résultats semblent indiquer que les auto-anticorps NMDAR-Ab de patients autistes ne jouent pas de rôle direct dans I'étiologie des TSA et que d'autres autoanticorps dirigés contre des cibles neuronales devraient faire l'objet de recherches.

          Related collections

          Most cited references13

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Maternal infection requiring hospitalization during pregnancy and autism spectrum disorders.

          Exposure to prenatal infection has been suggested to cause deficiencies in fetal neurodevelopment. In this study we included all children born in Denmark from 1980, through 2005. Diagnoses of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and maternal infection were obtained through nationwide registers. Data was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression. No association was found between any maternal infection and diagnosis of ASDs in the child when looking at the total period of pregnancy: adjusted hazard ratio = 1.14 (CI: 0.96-1.34). However, admission to hospital due to maternal viral infection in the first trimester and maternal bacterial infection in the second trimester were found to be associated with diagnosis of ASDs in the offspring, adjusted hazard ratio = 2.98 (CI: 1.29-7.15) and adjusted hazard ratio = 1.42 (CI: 1.08-1.87), respectively. Our results support prior hypotheses concerning early prenatal viral infection increasing the risk of ASDs.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Maternal infection and immune involvement in autism.

            Recent studies have highlighted a connection between infection during pregnancy and the increased risk of autism in the offspring. Parallel studies of cerebral spinal fluid, blood and postmortem brains reveal an ongoing, hyper-responsive inflammatory-like state in many young as well as adult autism subjects. There are also indications of gastrointestinal problems in at least a subset of autistic children. Work on the maternal infection risk factor using animal models indicates that aspects of brain and peripheral immune dysregulation can begin during fetal development and continue through adulthood. The offspring of infected or immune-activated dams also display cardinal behavioral features of autism, as well as neuropathology consistent with that seen in human autism. These rodent models are proving useful for the study of pathogenesis and gene-environment interactions as well as for the exploration of potential therapeutic strategies. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Disrupted surface cross-talk between NMDA and Ephrin-B2 receptors in anti-NMDA encephalitis.

              Autoimmune synaptic encephalitides are recently described human brain diseases leading to psychiatric and neurological syndromes through inappropriate brain-autoantibody interactions. The most frequent synaptic autoimmune encephalitis is associated with autoantibodies against extracellular domains of the glutamatergic N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor, with patients developing psychotic and neurological symptoms in an autoantibody titre-dependent manner. Although N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors are the primary target of these antibodies, the cellular and molecular pathway(s) that rapidly lead to N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor dysfunction remain poorly understood. In this report, we used a unique combination of high-resolution nanoparticle and bulk live imaging approaches to demonstrate that anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor autoantibodies from patients with encephalitis strongly alter, in a time-dependent manner, the surface content and trafficking of GluN2-NMDA receptor subtypes. Autoantibodies laterally displaced surface GluN2A-NMDA receptors out of synapses and completely blocked synaptic plasticity. This loss of extrasynaptic and synaptic N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor is prevented both in vitro and in vivo, by the activation of EPHB2 receptors. Indeed, the anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor autoantibodies weaken the interaction between the extracellular domains of the N-methyl-d-aspartate and Ephrin-B2 receptors. Together, we demonstrate that the anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor autoantibodies from patients with encephalitis alter the dynamic retention of synaptic N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor through extracellular domain-dependent mechanism(s), shedding new light on the pathology of the neurological and psychiatric disorders observed in these patients and opening possible new therapeutic strategies.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Dialogues Clin Neurosci
                Dialogues Clin Neurosci
                Dialogues Clin Neurosci
                Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
                Les Laboratoires Servier (France )
                1294-8322
                1958-5969
                March 2017
                March 2017
                : 19
                : 1
                : 65-70
                Affiliations
                University of Bordeaux, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience (HNS), Mixed Research Unit (UMR) 5297, Bordeaux, France; National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), IINS UMR 5297, Bordeaux, France (Equal contribution)
                University Paris Est Créteil, Psychiatry department, University Hospital Henri Mondor, Public Hospitals of Paris (AP-HP), University Hospital Department of Personalized Neurology and Psychiatry (DHU PePSY), France; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U955, France; FondaMental Foundation, France
                University Paris Est Créteil, Psychiatry department, University Hospital Henri Mondor, Public Hospitals of Paris (AP-HP), University Hospital Department of Personalized Neurology and Psychiatry (DHU PePSY), France; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U955, France; FondaMental Foundation, France
                Institut NeuroMyoGene Inserm U1217/CNRS UMR 5310, Lyon, France; Lyon Civil Hospitals, Neurological Hospital, Bron, France; University of Lyon - University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
                Institut NeuroMyoGene Inserm U1217/CNRS UMR 5310, Lyon, France; Lyon Civil Hospitals, Neurological Hospital, Bron, France; University of Lyon - University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
                Institut NeuroMyoGene Inserm U1217/CNRS UMR 5310, Lyon, France; Lyon Civil Hospitals, Neurological Hospital, Bron, France; University of Lyon - University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
                Roche Institute, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
                Roche Institute, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
                Roche Institute, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
                Roche Institute, Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex, France
                Aquitane Autism Resource Center, Charles Perrens Hospital, Bordeaux
                Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France
                University of Bordeaux, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience (IINS), Mixed Research Unit (UMR) 5297, Bordeaux, France; National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), IINS UMR 5297, Bordeaux, France; FondaMental Foundation, France (Equal seniority)
                University Paris Est Créteil, Psychiatry department, University Hospital Henri Mondor, Public Hospitals of Paris (AP-HP), University Hospital Department of Personalized Neurology and Psychiatry (DHU PePSY), France; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U955, France; FondaMental Foundation, France
                Author notes
                Article
                10.31887/DCNS.2017.19.1/mleboyer
                5442365
                28566948
                5a6186e1-8852-4c99-a61a-48b3ea3de268
                Copyright ©2017 AICH - Servier Research Group. All rights reserved

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Categories
                Brief Report

                Neurosciences
                autism spectrum disorder,autoimmunity,infection,glutamate,single-molecule tracking
                Neurosciences
                autism spectrum disorder, autoimmunity, infection, glutamate, single-molecule tracking

                Comments

                Comment on this article