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      Microcephaly in Infants, Pernambuco State, Brazil, 2015

      brief-report
      Author(s): Microcephaly Epidemic Research Group 1
      Publication date (Print):
      Journal: Emerging Infectious Diseases
      Publisher: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
      Keywords: Microcephaly, infants, viruses, disease outbreaks, Brazil, Zika virus, vector-borne infections

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          Abstract

          We studied the clinical characteristics for 104 infants born with microcephaly in the delivery hospitals of Pernambuco State, Brazil, during 2015. Testing is ongoing to exclude known infectious causes. However, microcephaly peaked in October and demonstrated central nervous system abnormalities with brain dysgenesis and intracranial calcifications consistent with an intrauterine infection.

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          First report of autochthonous transmission of Zika virus in Brazil

          Camila Zanluca, Vanessa de Melo, Ana Mosimann … (2015)
          In the early 2015, several cases of patients presenting symptoms of mild fever, rash, conjunctivitis and arthralgia were reported in the northeastern Brazil. Although all patients lived in a dengue endemic area, molecular and serological diagnosis for dengue resulted negative. Chikungunya virus infection was also discarded. Subsequently, Zika virus (ZIKV) was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction from the sera of eight patients and the result was confirmed by DNA sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that the ZIKV identified belongs to the Asian clade. This is the first report of ZIKV infection in Brazil.
          Article 0 comments Cited 508 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Increase in Reported Prevalence of Microcephaly in Infants Born to Women Living in Areas with Confirmed Zika Virus Transmission During the First Trimester of Pregnancy - Brazil, 2015.

            Wanderson Kleber de Oliveira, Juan J Cortez-Escalante, Wanessa De Oliveira … (2016)
            Widespread transmission of Zika virus by Aedes mosquitoes has been recognized in Brazil since late 2014, and in October 2015, an increase in the number of reported cases of microcephaly was reported to the Brazil Ministry of Health.* By January 2016, a total of 3,530 suspected microcephaly cases had been reported, many of which occurred in infants born to women who lived in or had visited areas where Zika virus transmission was occurring. Microcephaly surveillance was enhanced in late 2015 by implementing a more sensitive case definition. Based on the peak number of reported cases of microcephaly, and assuming an average estimated pregnancy duration of 38 weeks in Brazil (1), the first trimester of pregnancy coincided with reports of cases of febrile rash illness compatible with Zika virus disease in pregnant women in Bahia, Paraíba, and Pernambuco states, supporting an association between Zika virus infection during early pregnancy and the occurrence of microcephaly. Pregnant women in areas where Zika virus transmission is occurring should take steps to avoid mosquito bites. Additional studies are needed to further elucidate the relationship between Zika virus infection in pregnancy and microcephaly.
            Article 0 comments Cited 154 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Determining gestational age based on information from the Birth in Brazil study.

              Ana Paula Esteves Pereira, Maria Leal, Silvana da Gama … (2014)
              This study aimed at assessing the validity of different measures for estimating gestational age and to propose the creation of an algorithm for gestational age at birth estimates for the Birth in Brazil survey--a study conducted in 2011-2012 with 23,940 postpartum women. We used early ultrasound imaging, performed between 7-20 weeks of gestation, as the reference method. All analyses were performed stratifying by payment of maternity care (public or private). When compared to early ultrasound imaging, we found a substantial intraclass correlation coefficient of ultrasound-based gestational age at admission measure (0.95 and 0.94) and of gestational age reported by postpartum women at interview measure (0.90 and 0.88) for the public and private payment of maternity care, respectively. Last menstrual period-based measures had lower intraclass correlation coefficients than the first two measures evaluated. This study suggests caution when using the last menstrual period as the first measure for estimating gestational age in Brazil, strengthening the use of information obtained from early ultrasound imaging results.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Emerg Infect Dis
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Emerging Infect. Dis
                Journal ID (publisher-id): EID
                Title: Emerging Infectious Diseases
                Publisher: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
                ISSN (Print): 1080-6040
                ISSN (Electronic): 1080-6059
                Publication date (Print): June 2016
                Volume: 22
                Issue: 6
                Pages: 1090-1093
                Author notes
                Address for correspondence: Celina Maria Turchi Martelli, The Research Center Aggeu Magalhães/Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), NESC Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n–Campus da UFPE, Cidade Universitária Recife, Pernambuco 50740-465, Brazil; email: turchicm@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                Publisher ID: 16-0062
                DOI: 10.3201/eid2206.160062
                PMC ID: 4880105
                PubMed ID: 27071041
                SO-VID: 5a7873ae-eca7-4baf-a8d8-232173ce1b9a
                History
                Categories
                Subject: Expedited
                Subject: Dispatch
                Subject: Dispatch
                Subject: Microcephaly in Infants, Pernambuco State, Brazil, 2015

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Keywords: microcephaly,infants,viruses,disease outbreaks,brazil,zika virus,vector-borne infections
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Keywords: microcephaly, infants, viruses, disease outbreaks, brazil, zika virus, vector-borne infections

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