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# Entropy production along a stochastic trajectory and an integral fluctuation theorem

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### Abstract

For stochastic non-equilibrium dynamics like a Langevin equation for a colloidal particle or a master equation for discrete states, entropy production along a single trajectory is studied. It involves both genuine particle entropy and entropy production in the surrounding medium. The integrated sum of both $$\Delta s\t$$is shown to obey a fluctuation theorem $$<\exp[-\Delta s\t]> =1$$ for arbitrary initial conditions and arbitrary time-dependent driving over a finite time interval.

### Most cited references12

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(1996)
An expression is derived for the classical free energy difference between two configurations of a system, in terms of an ensemble of finite-time measurements of the work performed in parametrically switching from one configuration to the other. Two well-known equilibrium identities emerge as limiting cases of this result.
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### Dynamical Ensembles in Nonequilibrium Statistical Mechanics

(1995)
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### Probability of second law violations in shearing steady states

(1993)
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### Author and article information

###### Journal
29 March 2005
10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.040602
cond-mat/0503686