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      EDGE INFLUENCE OVER FUNCTIONAL TREE TRAITS IN AN ATLANTIC FOREST REMNANT Translated title: INFLUÊNCIA DAS BORDAS SOBRE CARACTERÍSTICAS FUNCIONAIS DAS ÁRVORES EM UM REMANESCENTE DE MATA ATLÂNTICA

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT Habitat fragmentation is one of the leading causes of edge genesis and its effects. Functional tree traits such as wood density, height, and diameter are essential variables from which it is possible to infer several ecological processes. This study assessed the variability of the functional traits of trees over two habitats (edge and interior) of a forest remnant. The hypothesis tested were i) the functional traits would have lower values at the edges than the interior, and ii) environmental variables would influence such differences. This study was carried out in the largest Atlantic Forest remnant within Serra da Tiririca State Park, Brazil, by establishing ten plots (50 × 20 m) among different habitats. Within each plot, wood samples were taken from all trees with a diameter of = 10 cm. It was recorded the altitude, distance from the plots to the edge, and fire records as possible explanatory variables (environmental variables). Wood density was obtained using the immersion method. To verify differences in functional traits by habitat, the Wilcoxon test was applied. Additionally, the influence of explanatory variables on functional traits through generalized linear models was evaluated. One hundred eighty-five trees were recorded at the edges and 218 trees at the interior of the remnant. Wood density and tree height were significantly lower in the edges than in the interior. Furthermore, the best models indicated significant relationships between wood density and habitats, as well as diameter and distance to the edge. This study was effective in raising suitable variables to predict edge effects.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO A fragmentação de habitats é uma das principais causas da criação de bordas e seus efeitos. Características funcionais das árvores, como a densidade da madeira, altura e diâmetro, são variáveis essenciais que permitem inferir vários processos ecológicos. Este estudo avaliou a variabilidade das características funcionais das árvores em dois tipos de habitats (borda e interior) de um remanescente florestal. Foram testadas as hipóteses de que i) as características funcionais teriam menores valores nas bordas do que no interior, e que ii) as variáveis ambientais influenciam essas diferenças. Este estudo foi realizado no maior remanescente de Mata Atlântica dentro do Parque Estadual da Serra da Tiririca, Brasil, estabelecendo dez parcelas (50 × 20 m) entre diferentes habitats. Dentro de cada parcela foram retiradas amostras de madeira de todas as árvores com diâmetro = 10 cm. Além disso, foram registradas a altitude, distância das parcelas até a borda e registros de queimadas como possíveis variáveis explicativas (variáveis ambientais). A densidade da madeira foi obtida através do método de imersão. Para verificar diferenças nas características funcionais por tipo de habitat, foi aplicado o teste de Wilcoxon. Adicionalmente, foi avaliada a influência das variáveis explicativas sobre as características funcionais por meio de modelos lineares generalizados. Cento e oitenta e cinco árvores foram registradas nas bordas e 218 árvores no interior do remanescente. A densidade da madeira e a altura das árvores foram significativamente menores nas bordas do que no interior. Além disso, os melhores modelos indicaram relações significativas entre densidade da madeira e o tipo de habitat; assim como, entre o diâmetro e distância até a borda. Este estudo foi eficaz em abordar variáveis adequadas para prever os efeitos de borda no remanescente.

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          Köppen's climate classification map for Brazil

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            Towards a worldwide wood economics spectrum.

            Wood performs several essential functions in plants, including mechanically supporting aboveground tissue, storing water and other resources, and transporting sap. Woody tissues are likely to face physiological, structural and defensive trade-offs. How a plant optimizes among these competing functions can have major ecological implications, which have been under-appreciated by ecologists compared to the focus they have given to leaf function. To draw together our current understanding of wood function, we identify and collate data on the major wood functional traits, including the largest wood density database to date (8412 taxa), mechanical strength measures and anatomical features, as well as clade-specific features such as secondary chemistry. We then show how wood traits are related to one another, highlighting functional trade-offs, and to ecological and demographic plant features (growth form, growth rate, latitude, ecological setting). We suggest that, similar to the manifold that tree species leaf traits cluster around the 'leaf economics spectrum', a similar 'wood economics spectrum' may be defined. We then discuss the biogeography, evolution and biogeochemistry of the spectrum, and conclude by pointing out the major gaps in our current knowledge of wood functional traits.
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              Let the concept of trait be functional!

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rarv
                Revista Árvore
                Rev. Árvore
                Sociedade de Investigações Florestais (Viçosa, MG, Brazil )
                0100-6762
                1806-9088
                2022
                : 46
                : e4603
                Affiliations
                [6] Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro orgnameUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro orgdiv1Instituto de Biologia Brazil cmsakura12@ 123456gmail.com
                [5] Linköping orgnameUniversidade de Linköping orgdiv1Departamento de Estudos Temáticos Suécia aenrichprast@ 123456gmail.com
                [3] Rio de Janeiro RJ orgnameInstituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro Brasil pablojfpr@ 123456hotmail.com
                [2] Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro orgnameUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Brazil lfelipezd15@ 123456hotmail.com
                [4] Lambayeque orgnameUniversidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo Peru crojas@ 123456unprg.edu.pe
                Article
                S0100-67622022000100203 S0100-6762(22)04600000203
                10.1590/1806-908820220000003
                5a9e4a6d-3281-451d-94f9-8117a9d5ef55

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 27 October 2021
                : 21 July 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 65, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Scientific Articles

                Fragmentação de habitat,Tropical rainforest,Habitat fragmentation,Densidade da madeira,Floresta tropical,Wood density

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