A caracterização do uso de animais no ensino a partir da percepção de estudantes de ciências biológicas e da saúde

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Abstract

Animais são utilizados para diversos fins no âmbito científico, sendo destacado nesta pesquisa o emprego no ensino. Objetivando melhor caracterizar esse uso, um questionário foi aplicado a 427 estudantes de medicina, farmácia e ciências biológicas das universidades federais de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul. Uma série de dados pode ser levantada, como a elevada taxa de sensação de incômodo, e o interesse predominante de apoiar a substituição de animais no âmbito do ensino. Concluímos que o uso de animais para fins didáticos tem alto poder gerador de conflitos – especialmente quando a percepção do sofrimento animal é identificada pelos estudantes. Por fim, três tipos de uso de animais no contexto do ensino são propostos.

Translated abstract

Animals are used for various purposes in the scientific realm and their use in teaching is highlighted in this research. Seeking to understand this use better, a questionnaire was administered to 427 students of medicine, pharmacy and biological sciences of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul federal universities. Data was gathered revealing high rates of feelings of discomfort, and the predominant interest in supporting the substitution of animals in the teaching environment. The conclusion reached is that the use of animals for teaching purposes has the ability to generate strong conflict, especially when the perception of animal suffering is identified by the students. Finally, three types of use of animals in the context of teaching are proposed.

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J RAWLS, John Rawls, Almiro Pisetta … (2002)

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Estimates for worldwide laboratory animal use in 2005.

Ronald K. Taylor, Linda Higgins, Marcia Gordon … (2008)

Animal experimentation continues to generate public and political concern worldwide. Relatively few countries collate and publish animal use statistics, yet this is a first and essential step toward public accountability and an informed debate, as well as being important for effective policy-making and regulation. The implementation of the Three Rs (replacement, reduction and refinement of animal experiments) should be expected to result in a decline in animal use, but without regular, accurate statistics, this cannot be monitored. Recent estimates of worldwide annual laboratory animal use are imprecise and unsubstantiated, ranging from 28-100 million. We collated data for 37 countries that publish national statistics, and standardised these against the definitions of 'animals', 'purposes' and 'experiments' used in European Union Directive 86/609/EEC. We developed and applied a statistical model, based on publication rates, for a further 142 countries. This yielded our most conservative estimate of global animal use: 58.3 million animals in 179 countries. However, this figure excludes several uses and forms of animals that are included in the statistics of some countries. With the data available, albeit for only a few countries, we also produced, by extrapolation, a more comprehensive global estimate that includes animals killed for the provision of tissues, animals used to maintain genetically-modified strains, and animals bred for laboratory use but killed as surplus to requirements. For a number of reasons that are explained, this more-comprehensive figure of 115.3 million animals is still likely to be an underestimate.