For Publishers
DiscoveryMetadataPeer reviewHostingPublishing
For Researchers
JoinPublishReviewCollect
Register
Blog
About
Search
Advanced search
My ScienceOpen
Search
For Publishers
For Researchers
Blog
About
35
views
117
references
 Top references
cited by
80
    
0 reviews
 Review
0
comments
 Comment
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      174
      similar
       All similar
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Genetic, hormonal and metabolic aspects of PCOS: an update

      review-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder affecting 5–10 % of women of reproductive age. It generally manifests with oligo/anovulatory cycles, hirsutism and polycystic ovaries, together with a considerable prevalence of insulin resistance. Although the aetiology of the syndrome is not completely understood yet, PCOS is considered a multifactorial disorder with various genetic, endocrine and environmental abnormalities. Moreover, PCOS patients have a higher risk of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases and their related morbidity, if compared to the general population.

          Related collections

          Most cited references117

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

          (2004)
          Since the 1990 NIH-sponsored conference on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), it has become appreciated that the syndrome encompasses a broader spectrum of signs and symptoms of ovarian dysfunction than those defined by the original diagnostic criteria. The 2003 Rotterdam consensus workshop concluded that PCOS is a syndrome of ovarian dysfunction along with the cardinal features hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovary (PCO) morphology. PCOS remains a syndrome and, as such, no single diagnostic criterion (such as hyperandrogenism or PCO) is sufficient for clinical diagnosis. Its clinical manifestations may include: menstrual irregularities, signs of androgen excess, and obesity. Insulin resistance and elevated serum LH levels are also common features in PCOS. PCOS is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular events.
          Article 0 comments Cited 557 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia (syndrome X): relation to reduced fetal growth

            D Barker, C N Hales, C H D Fall … (1993)
            Two follow-up studies were carried out to determine whether lower birthweight is related to the occurrence of syndrome X-Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia. The first study included 407 men born in Hertfordshire, England between 1920 and 1930 whose weights at birth and at 1 year of age had been recorded by health visitors. The second study included 266 men and women born in Preston, UK, between 1935 and 1943 whose size at birth had been measured in detail. The prevalence of syndrome X fell progressively in both men and women, from those who had the lowest to those who had the highest birthweights. Of 64-year-old men whose birthweights were 2.95 kg (6.5 pounds) or less, 22% had syndrome X. Their risk of developing syndrome X was more than 10 times greater than that of men whose birthweights were more than 4.31 kg (9.5 pounds). The association between syndrome X and low birthweight was independent of duration of gestation and of possible confounding variables including cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and social class currently or at birth. In addition to low birthweight, subjects with syndrome X had small head circumference and low ponderal index at birth, and low weight and below-average dental eruption at 1 year of age. It is concluded that Type 2 diabetes and hypertension have a common origin in sub-optimal development in utero, and that syndrome X should perhaps be re-named "the small-baby syndrome".
            Article 0 comments Cited 416 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: not found
              • Article: not found

              Clinical assessment of body hair growth in women.

              D FERRIMAN, J D GALLWEY (1961)
              Article 0 comments Cited 309 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
                Bookmark
                All references

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                V. De Leo: +39 0577 233465 , vincenzo.deleo@unisi.it
                M. C. Musacchio: musacchiomc@gmail.com
                V. Cappelli: valentinacappelli@yahoo.it
                M. G. Massaro: mariagiuliam@hotmail.it
                G. Morgante: Giuseppe.morgante@unisi.it
                F. Petraglia: felice.petraglia@unisi.it
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Reprod Biol Endocrinol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol
                Title: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology : RB&E
                Publisher: BioMed Central (London )
                ISSN (Electronic): 1477-7827
                Publication date (Electronic): 16 July 2016
                Publication date PMC-release: 16 July 2016
                Publication date Collection: 2016
                Volume: 14
                Electronic Location Identifier: 38
                Affiliations
                Department Molecular Medicine and Development, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci, 53100 Siena, Italy
                Article
                Publisher ID: 173
                DOI: 10.1186/s12958-016-0173-x
                PMC ID: 4947298
                PubMed ID: 27423183
                SO-VID: 5bb4a2d0-905d-485e-8983-ebc2b1a55d62
                Copyright © © The Author(s). 2016
                License:

                Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

                History
                Date received : 3 May 2016
                Date accepted : 8 July 2016
                Categories
                Subject: Review
                Custom metadata
                issue-copyright-statement © The Author(s) 2016

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Human biology
                Keywords: pcos,genetic,insulin-resistance,hyperandrogenism,infertility,metformin,oral contraceptives,myo-inositol
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Human biology
                Keywords: pcos, genetic, insulin-resistance, hyperandrogenism, infertility, metformin, oral contraceptives, myo-inositol

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_

                Similar content174

                See all similar

                Cited by116

                See all cited by

                Most referenced authors1,329

                See all reference authors