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      Promoting inclusive metrics of success and impact to dismantle a discriminatory reward system in science

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          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Success and impact metrics in science are based on a system that perpetuates sexist and racist “rewards” by prioritizing citations and impact factors. These metrics are flawed and biased against already marginalized groups and fail to accurately capture the breadth of individuals’ meaningful scientific impacts. We advocate shifting this outdated value system to advance science through principles of justice, equity, diversity, and inclusion. We outline pathways for a paradigm shift in scientific values based on multidimensional mentorship and promoting mentee well-being. These actions will require collective efforts supported by academic leaders and administrators to drive essential systemic change.

          Abstract

          This Essay argues that success and impact metrics in science are based on a system that perpetuates sexist and racist ‘rewards’ by prioritizing citations and impact factors; the authors advocate shifting this outdated value system to advance science through principles of justice, equity, diversity, and inclusion.

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          Evidence for a mental health crisis in graduate education

          L. Weiss, Nathan L. Vanderford, Lindsay Bira … (2018)
          Article 0 comments Cited 290 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            The Diversity–Innovation Paradox in Science

            Bas Hofstra, Vivek V. Kulkarni, Sebastian Munoz-Najar Galvez … (2020)
            Prior work finds a diversity paradox: Diversity breeds innovation, yet underrepresented groups that diversify organizations have less successful careers within them. Does the diversity paradox hold for scientists as well? We study this by utilizing a near-complete population of ∼1.2 million US doctoral recipients from 1977 to 2015 and following their careers into publishing and faculty positions. We use text analysis and machine learning to answer a series of questions: How do we detect scientific innovations? Are underrepresented groups more likely to generate scientific innovations? And are the innovations of underrepresented groups adopted and rewarded? Our analyses show that underrepresented groups produce higher rates of scientific novelty. However, their novel contributions are devalued and discounted: For example, novel contributions by gender and racial minorities are taken up by other scholars at lower rates than novel contributions by gender and racial majorities, and equally impactful contributions of gender and racial minorities are less likely to result in successful scientific careers than for majority groups. These results suggest there may be unwarranted reproduction of stratification in academic careers that discounts diversity’s role in innovation and partly explains the underrepresentation of some groups in academia.
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              Work organization and mental health problems in PhD students

              Katia Levecque, Frederik Anseel, Alain De Beuckelaer … (2017)
              Article 0 comments Cited 239 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): PLoS Biol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): PLoS Biol
                Journal ID (publisher-id): plos
                Title: PLoS Biology
                Publisher: Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )
                ISSN (Print): 1544-9173
                ISSN (Electronic): 1545-7885
                Publication date (Electronic): 15 June 2021
                Publication date Collection: June 2021
                Publication date PMC-release: 15 June 2021
                Volume: 19
                Issue: 6
                Electronic Location Identifier: e3001282
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
                [2 ] Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Rhode Island, United States of America
                [3 ] School of Biological Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
                [4 ] Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
                [5 ] Harbor Watch, Earthplace, Inc., Westport, Connecticut, United States of America
                [6 ] Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
                [7 ] The University of Helsinki, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Helsinki, Finland
                [8 ] Department of Earth and Environment & Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
                [9 ] Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences & Bodega Marine Laboratory, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
                [10 ] Marine Science Center, Northeastern University, Nahant, Massachusetts, United States of America
                [11 ] Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences & Bodega Marine Laboratory, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
                [12 ] School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
                [13 ] Wildlife Conservation Society, Fiji Country Program, Suva, Fiji
                [14 ] Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
                [15 ] Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, Northridge, California, United States of America
                [16 ] Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
                [17 ] School of Public Policy, College of Liberal Arts, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
                [18 ] Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama
                [19 ] University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Miami, Florida, United States of America
                [20 ] Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
                [21 ] Department of Biological Sciences, Smith College, Northampton, Massachusetts, United States of America
                [22 ] Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, New Foundland, Canada
                Author notes

                The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1620-2278
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2322-3269
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9827-1612
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0340-1371
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5574-8866
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5368-4061
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7147-5199
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4695-8364
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1306-8189
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4159-9104
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4728-4421
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1935-6213
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4916-3217
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1569-7790
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4906-4537
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6271-9083
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5867-1224
                Article
                Publisher ID: PBIOLOGY-D-21-00495
                DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001282
                PMC ID: 8205123
                PubMed ID: 34129646
                SO-VID: 5bbd3884-890c-4551-be0d-ea5c665ae32e
                Copyright © © 2021 Davies et al
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 0, Pages: 15
                Funding
                The authors received no specific no specific funding for this work.
                Categories
                Subject: Essay
                Subject: Social Sciences
                Subject: Economics
                Subject: Labor Economics
                Subject: Employment
                Subject: Careers
                Subject: Research and Analysis Methods
                Subject: Research Assessment
                Subject: Citation Analysis
                Subject: Science Policy
                Subject: Science and Technology Workforce
                Subject: Careers in Research
                Subject: Scientists
                Subject: People and Places
                Subject: Population Groupings
                Subject: Professions
                Subject: Scientists
                Subject: Research and Analysis Methods
                Subject: Research Assessment
                Subject: Bibliometrics
                Subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
                Subject: Mental Health and Psychiatry
                Subject: Science Policy
                Subject: Research Funding
                Subject: Institutional Funding of Science
                Subject: Social Sciences
                Subject: Sociology
                Subject: Social Discrimination
                Subject: Racial Discrimination
                Subject: Research and Analysis Methods
                Subject: Research Assessment
                Subject: Peer Review

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Life sciences
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                ScienceOpen disciplines: Life sciences

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