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      Planck2015 results : XI. CMB power spectra, likelihoods, and robustness of parameters

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      Astronomy & Astrophysics
      EDP Sciences
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          Minuit - a system for function minimization and analysis of the parameter errors and correlations

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            Is Open Access

            HEALPix -- a Framework for High Resolution Discretization, and Fast Analysis of Data Distributed on the Sphere

            HEALPix -- the Hierarchical Equal Area iso-Latitude Pixelization -- is a versatile data structure with an associated library of computational algorithms and visualization software that supports fast scientific applications executable directly on very large volumes of astronomical data and large area surveys in the form of discretized spherical maps. Originally developed to address the data processing and analysis needs of the present generation of cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments (e.g. BOOMERanG, WMAP), HEALPix can be expanded to meet many of the profound challenges that will arise in confrontation with the observational output of future missions and experiments, including e.g. Planck, Herschel, SAFIR, and the Beyond Einstein CMB polarization probe. In this paper we consider the requirements and constraints to be met in order to implement a sufficient framework for the efficient discretization and fast analysis/synthesis of functions defined on the sphere, and summarise how they are satisfied by HEALPix.
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              Planck 2015 results. XX. Constraints on inflation

              We present the implications for cosmic inflation of the Planck measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies in both temperature and polarization based on the full Planck survey. The Planck full mission temperature data and a first release of polarization data on large angular scales measure the spectral index of curvature perturbations to be \(n_\mathrm{s} = 0.968 \pm 0.006\) and tightly constrain its scale dependence to \(d n_s/d \ln k =-0.003 \pm 0.007\) when combined with the Planck lensing likelihood. When the high-\(\ell\) polarization data is included, the results are consistent and uncertainties are reduced. The upper bound on the tensor-to-scalar ratio is \(r_{0.002} < 0.11\) (95% CL), consistent with the B-mode polarization constraint \(r< 0.12\) (95% CL) obtained from a joint BICEP2/Keck Array and Planck analysis. These results imply that \(V(\phi) \propto \phi^2\) and natural inflation are now disfavoured compared to models predicting a smaller tensor-to-scalar ratio, such as \(R^2\) inflation. Three independent methods reconstructing the primordial power spectrum are investigated. The Planck data are consistent with adiabatic primordial perturbations. We investigate inflationary models producing an anisotropic modulation of the primordial curvature power spectrum as well as generalized models of inflation not governed by a scalar field with a canonical kinetic term. The 2015 results are consistent with the 2013 analysis based on the nominal mission data.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Astronomy & Astrophysics
                A&A
                EDP Sciences
                0004-6361
                1432-0746
                October 2016
                September 2016
                : 594
                :
                : A11
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Planck Collaboration
                Article
                10.1051/0004-6361/201526926
                5bd09911-bfeb-44dd-beb1-b5db98894ed3
                © 2016
                History

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