19
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Isolated and combined prevalence of anemia, vitamin A deficiency and zinc deficiency in preschool children 12-72 months for the government of Paraíba Translated title: Prevalências isoladas e combinadas de anemia, deficiência de vitamina A e deficiência de zinco em pré-escolares de 12 a 72 meses do Núcleo de Creches do Governo da Paraíba

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          OBJECTIVE: To estimate the isolated and combined prevalence of anemia, vitamin A deficiency and zinc deficiency in pre-school children, as well as the distribution of isolated deficiencies according to gender, age and prior supplementation with vitamin A. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with pre-school children in the state of Paraíba, Brazil. Analysis of the average concentrations of hemoglobin, serum retinol and serum zinc, according to gender, age and previous vitamin A supplementation of children were carried out as well as the risk of simultaneous occurrence of micronutrient deficiencies in the presence of these deficiencies. RESULTS: The prevalence of anemia, vitamin A deficiency and zinc deficiency were 15.4%, 23.3% and 13.8%, respectively. The anemia was significantly associated with age (p<0.01). Children previously supplemented by vitamin A had higher serum retinol concentrations than children without supplements, an effect that was not observed for concentrations of hemoglobin or serum zinc. The prevalence of anemia associated with vitamin A deficiency was 5.8%, with the chance of vitamin A deficiency and anemia coexist 2.21 times (95%CI=1.03-4.84) higher in the case of vitamin A deficiency or anemia rather than in the absence of these conditions. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies which are important in child growth, as well as the coexistence of nutritional deficiencies, point out the need to strengthen nutrition intervention strategies that consider this issue.

          Translated abstract

          OBJETIVO: Estimar as prevalências isoladas e combinadas de anemia, deficiência de vitamina A e deficiência de zinco em crianças pré-escolares, bem como a distribuição das deficiências isoladas segundo sexo, idade e suplementação prévia com vitamina A. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com crianças pré-escolares do Estado da Paraíba. Foram realizadas análises das concentrações médias de hemoglobina, retinol sérico e zinco sérico, de acordo com o sexo, a idade e a suplementação prévia com vitamina A das crianças, bem como o risco de ocorrência simultânea de deficiências de micronutrientes na presença de uma dessas deficiências. RESULTADOS: As prevalências de anemia, deficiência de vitamina A e deficiência de zinco foram de 15,4%, 23,3% e 13,8%, respectivamente. A anemia mostrou-se significativamente associada à idade (p<0,01). Crianças suplementadas previamente com vitamina A apresentaram maiores concentrações de retinol sérico do que crianças não suplementadas, efeito não observado para as concentrações de hemoglobina e de zinco sérico. A prevalência de anemia associada à deficiência de vitamina A foi de 5,8%, sendo a chance da deficiência de vitamina A e da anemia coexistir 2,21 vezes (IC95%= 1,03-4,84) maior no caso de deficiência de vitamina A ou de anemia do que na ausência dessas condições. CONCLUSÃO: As elevadas prevalências de deficiências de micronutrientes importantes no crescimento infantil, bem como a coexistência de carências nutricionais, evidenciam a necessidade de fortalecer as estratégias de intervenção nutricional que considerem essa problemática.

          Related collections

          Most cited references79

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: found
          Is Open Access

          Poor nutritional status of schoolchildren in urban and peri-urban areas of Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

          Background Malnutrition is still highly prevalent in developing countries. Schoolchildren may also be at high nutritional risk, not only under-five children. However, their nutritional status is poorly documented, particularly in urban areas. The paucity of information hinders the development of relevant nutrition programs for schoolchildren. The aim of this study carried out in Ouagadougou was to assess the nutritional status of schoolchildren attending public and private schools. Methods The study was carried out to provide baseline data for the implementation and evaluation of the Nutrition Friendly School Initiative of WHO. Six intervention schools and six matched control schools were selected and a sample of 649 schoolchildren (48% boys) aged 7-14 years old from 8 public and 4 private schools were studied. Anthropometric and haemoglobin measurements, along with thyroid palpation, were performed. Serum retinol was measured in a random sub-sample of children (N = 173). WHO criteria were used to assess nutritional status. Chi square and independent t-test were used for proportions and mean comparisons between groups. Results Mean age of the children (48% boys) was 11.5 ± 1.2 years. Micronutrient malnutrition was highly prevalent, with 38.7% low serum retinol and 40.4% anaemia. The prevalence of stunting was 8.8% and that of thinness, 13.7%. The prevalence of anaemia (p = 0.001) and vitamin A deficiency (p < 0.001) was significantly higher in public than private schools. Goitre was not detected. Overweight/obesity was low (2.3%) and affected significantly more children in private schools (p = 0.009) and younger children (7-9 y) (p < 0.05). Thinness and stunting were significantly higher in peri-urban compared to urban schools (p < 0.05 and p = 0.004 respectively). Almost 15% of the children presented at least two nutritional deficiencies. Conclusion This study shows that malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies are also widely prevalent in schoolchildren in cities, and it underlines the need for nutrition interventions to target them.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Role of micronutrients for physical growth and mental development.

            Due to control of florid and severe cases of protein-energy malnutrition, deficiencies of micronutrients in children have assumed public health importance. According to National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau of India, over 50% of apparently healthy looking children have subclinical or biochemical deficiencies of vitamin A, vitamins B2, B6, folate and vitamin C. Over two-third of children have clinical evidences of iron deficiency while deficiency of trace minerals like iodine and zinc is quite common in certain populations. Children have food preferences and they are quite fussy to take green leafy vegetables and fruits thus compromising their intake of micronutrients from dietary sources. The full genetic potential of the child for physical growth and mental development may be compromised due to subclinical deficiencies of micronutrients which are commonly referred to as "hidden hunger". Micronutrients are required for the integrity and optimal functioning of immune system. Children with subclinical deficiency of micronutrients are more vulnerable to develop frequent and more severe common day-to-day infections thus triggering a vicious cycle of undernutrition and recurrent infections. A number of micronutrients are required for optimal physical growth and neuromotor development. Isolated deficiencies of micronutrients are rare in clinical practice and usually deficiencies of multiple micronutrients co-exist. The first 3 years of life are most crucial and vulnerable to the hazards of undernutrition. All efforts should be made so that preschool children are given a balanced and nutritious home-based diet. However, it has been shown that it is not possible to meet 100% requirements of recommended dietary allowances (RDA's) of micronutrients from dietary sources alone and most preschool children need administration of nutritional supplements to optimize their genetic potential for physical growth and mental development.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: not found
              • Article: not found

              Global Prevalence of Vitamin A Deficiency in Populations at Risk 1995-2005, WHO Global Database on Vitamin A Deficiency

              (2009)
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rn
                Revista de Nutrição
                Rev. Nutr.
                Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas (Campinas )
                1678-9865
                June 2014
                : 27
                : 3
                : 301-310
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Estadual da Paraíba Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Brazil
                Article
                S1415-52732014000300301
                10.1590/1415-52732014000300004
                5c1234ce-dffd-4c6a-97b9-fa68e986f810

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1415-5273&lng=en
                Categories
                NUTRITION & DIETETICS

                Nutrition & Dietetics
                Child,Iron,Vitamin A,Zinc,Criança,Ferro,Vitamina A,Zinco
                Nutrition & Dietetics
                Child, Iron, Vitamin A, Zinc, Criança, Ferro, Vitamina A, Zinco

                Comments

                Comment on this article