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      Empidinae (Diptera, Empididae) from Bulgaria with new records and descriptions of three new species

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          Abstract

          Abstract

          Empis ( Leptempis) rhodopensis Barták sp. n., Hilara bulgarica Barták sp. n., and Rhamphomyia ( Amydroneura) stojanovae Barták sp. n. are described from Bulgaria. Altogether 32 species of Empididae are first reported from Bulgaria.

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          Most cited references29

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          The morphology, higher-level phylogeny and classification of the Empidoidea (Diptera)

          A cladistic analysis of the Empidoidea and basal lineages of the Cyclorrhapha, based on morphological characters, confirms the monophyly of both groups as well as that of the                    Eremoneura. The resulting final trees are used to revise the classification of the Empidoidea to include the following five families: Empididae, Hybotidae, Atelestidae (including Nemedininae n. subfam.), Brachystomatidae rev. stat. (comprising the subfamilies Brachystomatinae, Ceratomerinae and Trichopezinae), and Dolichopodidae s.lat. The family Microphoridae is not recognized, and the Microphorinae and Parathalassiinae are assigned to the Dolichopodidae s.lat. The Dolichopodidae s.str. includes 15 subfamilies that were previously recognized within the family. Within the Empidoidea we found support for Atelestidae as the sister group to the Hybotidae and for the monophyly of Parathalassiinae + Dolichopodidae s.str. The Empididae remains poorly defined and the genera Homalocnemis Philippi, Iteaphila Zetterstedt, Anthepiscopus Becker, and Oreogeton Schiner are classified as incertae sedis within the                   Empidoidea. In addition, the following higher taxa are proposed: Symballophthalmini n. tribe, Bicellariini n. tribe, Oedaleinae rev. stat., and Trichininae rev. stat., which are all assigned to the Hybotidae. The genus Sematopoda Collin is tentatively assigned to Trichopezinae, and Xanthodromia Saigusa is transferred from Hemerodromiinae to Brachystomatinae.        All morphological characters are extensively discussed and illustrated, including details of the antennae, mouthparts, internal thoracic structures, wings, and male and female terminalia. In addition, a key to families and unplaced genus groups of the Empidoidea is provided. Feeding habits are also discussed in terms of the empidoid ground plan condition.
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            The biomonitoring of Diptera by means of yellow pan water traps.

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              The morphology, higher-level phylogeny and classification of the Empidoidea (Diptera).

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Zookeys
                Zookeys
                ZooKeys
                ZooKeys
                Pensoft Publishers
                1313-2989
                1313-2970
                2018
                19 September 2018
                : 785
                : 145-161
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Prague Czech Republic
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Liliana Kanavalová ( @ )

                Academic editor: M. Ivković

                Article
                10.3897/zookeys.785.26236
                6160824
                5c67330e-e9b6-46ec-b886-5e6d99242cbc
                Liliana Kanavalová, Štěpán Kubík, Miroslav Barták

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 28 April 2018
                : 16 July 2018
                Categories
                Research Article
                Brachycera
                Empididae
                Empidoidea
                Faunistics & Distribution
                Systematics
                Europe

                Animal science & Zoology
                empis ,europe, hilara ,new species,palaearctic region, rhamphomyia ,animalia,diptera,empididae

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