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      Do euglossine females reside in a single nest? Notes on Euglossa cordata (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossini) Translated title: As fêmeas de euglossine residem em um único ninho? Notas sobre Euglossa cordata (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossini)

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT Euglossa Latreille, 1802 do not live in large colonies, and these are usually maintained or “reactivated” by new females, subordinate to their mother, which construct and provision brood cells. This study aimed to obtain information about the natural history of Euglossa cordata (Linnaeus, 1758) specially focusing on nest behavior. Our specific objective was to answer the following question: do E. cordata females reside in a single nest? We construct 14 artificial nesting boxes and made them available for E. cordata bees in natural environment for seven months. During this time, we use a re-marking method to identify bee fidelity to a single nest box. More specifically, we record bee permanence in the nests, the time bees take to provision brood to new cells and the time taken to offspring emergence. A total of 12 boxes were colonized by E. cordata and 23 cells were built in an average of 9.78 ± 11 days per cell. Eleven females emerged from the cells in 48.6 ± 11 days. Although adult females moved between nests and sometimes used multiple nests at the same time, E. cordata showed a relatively high fidelity to a single nest (81.1% of the female bees stayed in a single nest more than 50% of time).

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO Abelhas Euglossa Latreille, 1802 não vivem em grandes colônias, e estas geralmente são mantidas ou “reativadas” por novas fêmeas, subordinadas à mãe, que constroem e fornecem células de cria. Este estudo teve como objetivo obter informações sobre o tempo que as abelhas levam para prover novas células, sobre a emergência e permanência das abelhas nos ninhos, bem como o número de ninhos construídos por cada uma. Durante sete meses observamos fêmeas em 14 caixas vazias de madeira (5,7 x 5,7 x 7,0 cm), disponibilizadas para nidificação das abelhas. O método de remarcação foi utilizado quando uma abelha foi encontrada pela primeira vez nas caixas ou para cada nova abelha filha após a sua emergência. Um total de 12 caixas foi colonizada por Euglossa cordata (Linnaeus, 1758) e 23 células foram construídas em 9,78 ± 11 dias por célula. Onze fêmeas emergiram das células em 48,6 ± 11 dias. Dois imaturos morreram e dois foram parasitados por Bombyliidae. Apesar de que as fêmeas adultas de E. cordata moveram-se entre ninhos e às vezes usaram vários ninhos de uma só vez, elas demonstraram uma fidelidade relativamente alta a um único ninho (81.1% dessas fêmeas permaneceram mais de 50% do tempo em um único ninho).

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          Bee nutrition and floral resource restoration

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            Coexisting generalist herbivores occupy unique nutritional feeding niches.

            A mainstay of ecological theory and practice is that coexisting species use different resources, leading to the local development of biodiversity. However, a problem arises for understanding coexistence of multiple species if they share critical resources too generally. Here, we employ an experimental framework grounded in nutritional physiology to show that closely related, cooccurring and generalist-feeding herbivores (seven grasshopper species in the genus Melanoplus; Orthoptera: Acrididae) eat protein and carbohydrate in different absolute amounts and ratios even if they eat the same plant taxa. The existence of species-specific nutritional niches provides a cryptic mechanism that helps explain how generalist herbivores with broadly overlapping diets might coexist. We also show that performance by grasshoppers allowed to mix their diets and thus regulate their protein-carbohydrate intake matched optimal performance peaks generated from no-choice treatments. These results indicate the active nature of diet selection to achieve balanced diets and provide buffering capacity in the face of variable food quality. Our empirical findings and experimental approach can be extended to generate and test predictions concerning the intensity of biotic interactions between species, the relative abundance of species, yearly fluctuations in population size, and the nature of interactions with natural enemies in tritrophic niche space.
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              Ethology of some bees of the tribe Euglossini (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                isz
                Iheringia. Série Zoologia
                Iheringia, Sér. Zool.
                Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul (Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil )
                0073-4721
                1678-4766
                May 2019
                : 109
                : 0
                : e2019016
                Affiliations
                [1] Manaus Amazonas orgnameInstituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia orgdiv1Campus 2 Brazil
                [2] Fortaleza Ceará orgnameUniversidade Federal do Ceará orgdiv1Departamento de Zootecnia orgdiv2Laboratório de Abelhas Brazil
                Article
                S0073-47212019000100216
                10.1590/1678-4766e2019016
                5c9ebcaa-6b34-4941-8cc3-679dc618a7b2

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 10 April 2019
                : 04 July 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 40, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Articles

                Fidelidade de nidificação,emergência de abelha,abelha das orquídeas,Female nest fidelity,orchid bee,bee emergence

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