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      Genetic structure, behaviour and invasion history of the Argentine ant supercolony in Australia

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          Abstract

          Biological invasions have significant ecological, evolutionary and economic consequences. Ants are exemplary invaders and their invasion success is frequently attributed to a shift in social structure between native and introduced populations. Here, we use a multidisciplinary approach to determine the social structure, origin and expansion of the invasive Argentine ant, Linepithema humile, in Australia by linking behavioural and genetic studies with indicators of dispersal pathways and propagule pressure. Behavioural assays revealed a complete absence of aggression within and between three cities – Melbourne, Adelaide and Perth – spanning 2700 km across Australia. Microsatellite analyses showed intracity genetic homogeneity and limited but significant intercity genetic differentiation. Exceptions were two Perth nests that likely represent independent translocations from Adelaide. These patterns suggest efficient local gene flow with more limited jump dispersal via transport corridors between cities. Microsatellite analyses of L. humile from potential source regions, combined with data from port interceptions, trade pathways and the timeline of spread within Australia, implicate the main European supercolony as the source of L. humile in Melbourne. Such an introduction probably then redistributed across Australia and spread to New Zealand to form an expansive Australasian supercolony.

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          Is Open Access

          Arlequin (version 3.0): An integrated software package for population genetics data analysis

          Arlequin ver 3.0 is a software package integrating several basic and advanced methods for population genetics data analysis, like the computation of standard genetic diversity indices, the estimation of allele and haplotype frequencies, tests of departure from linkage equilibrium, departure from selective neutrality and demographic equilibrium, estimation or parameters from past population expansions, and thorough analyses of population subdivision under the AMOVA framework. Arlequin 3 introduces a completely new graphical interface written in C++, a more robust semantic analysis of input files, and two new methods: a Bayesian estimation of gametic phase from multi-locus genotypes, and an estimation of the parameters of an instantaneous spatial expansion from DNA sequence polymorphism. Arlequin can handle several data types like DNA sequences, microsatellite data, or standard multi-locus genotypes. A Windows version of the software is freely available on http://cmpg.unibe.ch/software/arlequin3.
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            Evolutionary genetics of invasive species

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              BAPS 2: enhanced possibilities for the analysis of genetic population structure.

              Bayesian statistical methods based on simulation techniques have recently been shown to provide powerful tools for the analysis of genetic population structure. We have previously developed a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm for characterizing genetically divergent groups based on molecular markers and geographical sampling design of the dataset. However, for large-scale datasets such algorithms may get stuck to local maxima in the parameter space. Therefore, we have modified our earlier algorithm to support multiple parallel MCMC chains, with enhanced features that enable considerably faster and more reliable estimation compared to the earlier version of the algorithm. We consider also a hierarchical tree representation, from which a Bayesian model-averaged structure estimate can be extracted. The algorithm is implemented in a computer program that features a user-friendly interface and built-in graphics. The enhanced features are illustrated by analyses of simulated data and an extensive human molecular dataset. Freely available at http://www.rni.helsinki.fi/~jic/bapspage.html.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Evol Appl
                Evol Appl
                eva
                Evolutionary Applications
                Blackwell Publishing Ltd (Oxford, UK )
                1752-4571
                1752-4571
                May 2011
                06 December 2010
                : 4
                : 3
                : 471-484
                Affiliations
                [1 ]simpleAustralian Centre for Biodiversity, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University Clayton, Vic., Australia
                [2 ]simpleCentre of Environmental Stress and Adaptation Research, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University Clayton, Vic., Australia
                [3 ]simpleSchool of Biological Sciences, Flinders University Adelaide, SA, Australia
                Author notes
                Elissa L. Suhr, Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. Fax: +1 217 244 3499; e-mail: elisuhr1@ 123456life.illinois.edu
                Article
                10.1111/j.1752-4571.2010.00161.x
                3352524
                25567996
                5d35eb4a-33a1-43cc-b0ef-c33f16b7f6f4
                © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd
                History
                : 24 July 2010
                : 31 August 2010
                Categories
                Original Articles

                Evolutionary Biology
                intraspecific aggression,invasive ants,biological invasions,source populations,invasion history,microsatellites,linepithema humile

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