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      Hacia una lógica simple en la determinación de grupos biológicos: la especie y los grupos supraespecíficos

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          Abstract

          En este artículo discutimos la utilidad del concepto de especie como una definición real, particularmente el concepto de Mayr. Proponemos un método de separación lógica de los taxa basada en planteamientos de la lógica matemática y la aplicación de la teoría de los conjuntos a los conceptos en sistemática. Intentamos de esta manera proporcionar una metodología objetiva para la interpretación de los grupos naturales en biología incluyendo la especie como un grupo básico en evolución. Introducimos el concepto de ancestro hipotético como una posibilidad matemática derivada del uso del cálculo de matrices no cuadradas

          Translated abstract

          In this paper we discuss about the utility of the species concept as real definition, particularly the Mayr concept. We propose a method for the logical separation of taxa based in the statements of the logical mathematics and the application of the sets theory to the concepts in systematic. We attempt to provide an objective methodology for the interpretation of natural groups in biology including the species as a basic group in evolution. We introduce the concept of the hypothetical ancestor as a mathematical possibility derived from the use of matrix calculations for non square matrix

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          Principles of systematic zoology

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            Thermodynamics and evolution.

            The science of thermodynamics is concerned with understanding the properties of inanimate matter in so far as they are determined by changes in temperature. The Second Law asserts that in irreversible processes there is a uni-directional increase in thermodynamic entropy, a measure of the degree of uncertainty in the thermal energy state of a randomly chosen particle in the aggregate. The science of evolution is concerned with understanding the properties of populations of living matter in so far as they are regulated by changes in generation time. Directionality theory, a mathematical model of the evolutionary process, establishes that in populations subject to bounded growth constraints, there is a uni-directional increase in evolutionary entropy, a measure of the degree of uncertainty in the age of the immediate ancestor of a randomly chosen newborn. This article reviews the mathematical basis of directionality theory and analyses the relation between directionality theory and statistical thermodynamics. We exploit an analytic relation between temperature, and generation time, to show that the directionality principle for evolutionary entropy is a non-equilibrium extension of the principle of a uni-directional increase of thermodynamic entropy. The analytic relation between these directionality principles is consistent with the hypothesis of the equivalence of fundamental laws as one moves up the hierarchy, from a molecular ensemble where the thermodynamic laws apply, to a population of replicating entities (molecules, cells, higher organisms), where evolutionary principles prevail. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.
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              Diccionario Jurídico Elemental

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbt
                Revista de Biología Tropical
                Rev. biol. trop
                Universidad de Costa Rica (San José )
                0034-7744
                March 2004
                : 52
                : 1
                : 19-26
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidad de Costa Rica Costa Rica
                [2 ] SAx
                Article
                S0034-77442004000100004
                5d537174-a900-4677-9ee5-9627aa39af3f

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                Product

                SciELO Costa Rica

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0034-7744&lng=en
                Categories
                Biodiversity Conservation
                Biology

                General life sciences,Animal science & Zoology
                species concept,Mayr,hypothetical ancestor,non square matrix

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