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      Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin: a new antioxidant that exerts its cytoprotective effect independent on Heme Oxygenase-1.

      Free Radical Research
      Acute-Phase Proteins, genetics, metabolism, Antioxidants, Apoptosis, Cell Line, Tumor, Cytoprotection, Gene Silencing, HEK293 Cells, Heme Oxygenase-1, antagonists & inhibitors, Humans, In Situ Nick-End Labeling, Lipocalins, Oxidative Stress, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, Protoporphyrins, pharmacology, RNA, Small Interfering

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          Abstract

          Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL/Lcn2), a member of the lipocalin family, has a variety of functions. There are extensive studies examining the expression of NGAL under harmful conditions. However, its precise function remains poorly understood. Heme Oxygenase 1 (HO-1) is an enzyme with well-established cytoprotective effects. Previous work showed that NGAL induces expression of HO-1. Interestingly, the same stimuli induced the expression of both NGAL and HO-1. The current study was designed to (1) determine whether NGAL exerts its cytoprotective effect through HO-1 and (2) compare NGAL and HO-1 with each other in terms of their protective role against oxidative stress. The current data indicate that NGAL exerts its cytoprotective effect independent of HO-1 and protects cells against oxidative stress more efficiently than HO-1. The data also strongly suggest that induction of NGAL under harmful conditions is a compensatory response to ameliorate oxidative stress-mediated toxicity. These findings may suggest new applications of NGAL, particularly when oxidative stress is a major factor. © 2011 Informa UK, Ltd.

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