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      Concentração plasmática de cortisol, uréia, cálcio e fósforo em vacas de corte mantidas a pasto suplementadas com levedura de cromo durante a estação de monta Translated title: Cortisol, urea, calcium and phosphorus plasma concentration in grazing beef cows supplemented with high chromium yeast during breeding season

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          Abstract

          Foi pesquisada a influência da suplementação com cromo (Cr) sobre a concentração plasmática de cortisol, uréia, cálcio e fósforo em vacas zebu mantidas a pasto e numa situação de estresse calórico durante a estação de monta. Foram utilizadas trinta vacas primíparas com peso entre 380 e 385kg. Os animais foram divididos em grupos de 15 vacas, formando o tratamento suplementado com Cr e o tratamento não suplementado (controle). As vacas pastorearam em piquetes formados por Brachiaria brizanta cv. Marandu. A fonte de Cr foi levedura enriquecida (1g Cr kg-1 de produto comercial) e foi adicionado à mistura mineral aportando 0,017% de Cr. Amostras de sangue foram tomadas em três períodos através de venipunção jugular e coletadas em tubos contendo heparina. As amostras de plasma foram analisadas para fósforo, cálcio, uréia e cortisol. Os dados foram analisados como um desenho de blocos ao acaso. O consumo médio diário de mistura mineral foi de 72,92g no grupo suplementado com Cr (12,40mg Cr/cabeça/dia) e 77,84g no grupo controle (0,78mg Cr/cabeça/dia). A concentração plasmática de cortisol, no grupo suplementado com Cr, foi menor que no tratamento controle (2,11mg dl-1 vs. 3,29mg dl-1). As concentrações plasmáticas de fósforo (6,36mg dl-1 vs 3,56mg dl-1) e de cálcio (12,87mg dl-1 vs 9,02mg dl-1) foram maiores no grupo suplementado com Cr durante o primeiro período, mas não existiram diferenças no segundo e terceiro períodos de colheita. Os níveis plasmáticos de uréia (17,13mg dl-1 vs. 17,70mg dl-1) não foram diferentes entre os grupos experimentais.

          Translated abstract

          The influence of supplemental chromium (Cr) on plasma cortisol, urea, calcium and phosphorus concentration were investigated in grazing cattle in caloric stress situation during the breeding season. Thirty primiparous zebu cows with 380 to 385kg of body weight were assigned to the following treatments: 15 cows fed supplemental Cr and 15 cows without supplemental Cr (Control). The cows were grazing in Brachiaria brizantha pasture. Chromium was supplied as high-Cr yeast Sacharomices cerevisae (1gCr kg-1). Chromium was added to mineral premix to provide 0.017% of supplemental Cr. Blood samples were collected in three periods by jugular venipuncture in heparinized tubes. Plasma was analysed for phosphorus, calcium, urea and cortisol. Data were analysed as a randomised block design. Premix daily consumption was 72.92g in the supplemented cow (12.40mg Cr/animal/day) and 77.84g premix in the non supplemented cow (0.78mg Cr/animal/day) groups. The concentration of cortisol in Cr-supplemented group was lower than that in control treatment (2.11mg dl-1 vs. 3.29mg dl-1). Plasma phosphorus (6.36mg dl-1 vs. 3.56mg dl-1) and calcium (12.87mg dl-1 vs. 9.02mg dl-1) were higher in Cr-supplemented group in the first period but no differences were found between groups in other periods. There was no difference in urea level (17.13mg dl-1 vs 17.70mg dl-1) between supplemented and control group.

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          Most cited references22

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          Estatística aplicada à experimentação animal

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            Heat stress interaction with shade and cooling.

            Hot weather causes heat stress in dairy cattle. Although effects are more severe in hot climates, dairy cattle in areas with relatively moderate climates also are exposed to periods of heat stress. The resultant decrease in milk production and reproductive efficiency can be offset by implementation of a program consisting of cooling through shades, ventilation and spray, and fans. The economic benefit should be determined before installation of equipment to reduce heat stress.
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              Effects of stress on the immune system.

              Stress, distress and a variety of psychiatric illnesses, notably the affective disorders, are increasingly reported to be associated with immunosuppression. The concept that psychic distress may predispose to medical illness is centuries old but has only recently attracted the attention of the scientific community at large. Interdisciplinary collaboration has established psychoneuroimmunology, or neuroimmunomodulation, as a new field of investigation with the goal of rigorous scientific research into the elusive mind-body connection. This has resulted in the rapid accumulation of information which falls across the boundary lines of psychiatry, immunology, neurosciences and endocrinology. Here David Khansari, Anthony Murgo and Robert Faith review the effects of stress on the endocrine and central nervous systems and the interactions between these systems and the immune response after exposure to stress signals.

                Author and article information

                Journal
                cr
                Ciência Rural
                Cienc. Rural
                Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (Santa Maria, RS, Brazil )
                0103-8478
                1678-4596
                August 2003
                : 33
                : 4
                : 743-747
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais orgdiv1Escola de Veterinária
                [02] Belo Horizonte MG orgnameUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais orgdiv1Escola de Veterinária orgdiv2Departamento de Zootecnia
                Article
                S0103-84782003000400025 S0103-8478(03)03300425
                5df3d60d-4b1b-4724-a822-84d573d4f379

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 01 October 2001
                : 31 July 2002
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 22, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Produção Animal

                caloric stress,uréia,cálcio,fósforo,estresse calórico,chromium,cortisol,urea,calcium,phosphorus,cromo

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