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      Gender Nonconformity of Bisexual Men and Women.

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          Abstract

          The degree to which bisexual-identified individuals are distinct from either heterosexual or homosexual individuals in their sexual orientation is an ongoing debate. We examined potential differences between these groups with respect to a strong correlate of sexual orientation, gender nonconformity (femininity in males, masculinity in females). Across pooled data, we compared self-reports of childhood gender nonconformity (n = 919) and adulthood gender nonconformity (n = 1265) and observer ratings of adulthood gender nonconformity (n = 915) between sexual orientations. Most analyses suggested a steady increase in gender nonconformity from exclusively heterosexual to exclusively homosexual. However, in some analyses, bisexual men were closer to homosexual men than to heterosexual men in their gender nonconformity. The intermediate status of bisexual people in gender nonconformity was not due to the sample having a mixture of very gender-conforming and very gender-nonconforming individuals. In total, men and women with bisexual orientations appeared neither like heterosexual nor homosexual individuals, at least with respect to their gender-related traits.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Arch Sex Behav
          Archives of sexual behavior
          Springer Science and Business Media LLC
          1573-2800
          0004-0002
          October 2020
          : 49
          : 7
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester, C04 3SQ, UK. gerulf@essex.ac.uk.
          [2 ] Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester, C04 3SQ, UK.
          [3 ] School of Psychology, University of East London, Stratford, UK.
          [4 ] Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
          [5 ] Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
          Article
          10.1007/s10508-020-01766-z
          10.1007/s10508-020-01766-z
          32607808
          5e0baea6-d88c-47c2-a8df-d54cdce66e78
          History

          Bisexuality,Gender nonconformity,Sex differences,Sexual orientation

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