Reconstruction of a scalar-tensor theory of gravity in an accelerating
  universe

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Abstract

The present acceleration of the Universe strongly indicated by recent observational data can be modeled in the scope of a scalar-tensor theory of gravity. We show that it is possible to determine the structure of this theory (the scalar field potential and the functional form of the scalar-gravity coupling) along with the present density of dustlike matter from the following two observable cosmological functions: the luminosity distance and the linear density perturbation in the dustlike matter component as functions of redshift. Explicit results are presented in the first order in the small inverse Brans-Dicke parameter 1/omega.

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Is Open Access

Cosmological Imprint of an Energy Component with General Equation of State

Rahul Dave, Paul J. Steinhardt, R. Caldwell (1997)

We examine the possibility that a significant component of the energy density of the universe has an equation-of-state different from that of matter, radiation or cosmological constant (\(\Lambda\)). An example is a cosmic scalar field evolving in a potential, but our treatment is more general. Including this component alters cosmic evolution in a way that fits current observations well. Unlike \(\Lambda\), it evolves dynamically and develops fluctuations, leaving a distinctive imprint on the microwave background anisotropy and mass power spectrum.