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      Expresión del receptor del factor de crecimiento epidérmico en carcinoma gástrico: Relación clínico patológica

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          Abstract

          El Carcinoma Gástrico se mantiene como uno de los tipos más comunes de cáncer a nivel mundial, teniendo una tasa significante de mortalidad. En el estudio de su oncogénesis se han determinado diversos factores genéticos y moleculares que juegan un rol importante en su evolución, entre ellos el receptor del factor de crecimiento epidérmico (RFCE) y su coligandos. En este estudio descriptivo y transversal se analizó la expresión de dicho receptor en los especímenes de un total de 36 gastrectomías por carcinoma gástrico realizadas en el Hospital Central Universitario „Dr. Antonio María Pineda‰ durante el período 2002-2006, mediante el método de la estreptavidina-biotina etiquetada del análisis inmunohistoquimico y se estableció la relación entre esta expresión y diferentes parámetros clínico-patológicos de conocido valor pronóstico. Se observó un mayor porcentaje de expresión del RFCE en los casos con menor profundidad tumoral dentro de la pared gástrica (T1- T2 = 58,33%), en aquellos con invasión a ganglios linfáticos (65.2%; p = 0.15) y órganos distantes (75%; p = 0.53) y en los casos con mayor estadio (IV=75%) y en la enfermedad avanzada (III-IV=61.9%; p = 0.36) y en aquellos con moderado grado de diferenciación (66.67%) con respecto a los otros grados. Sin embargo, el análisis estadístico mostró que los resultados no fueron significativos. El RFCE está relacionado con la progresión del carcinoma gástrico y pudiera ser un factor predictivo de enfermedad avanzada.

          Translated abstract

          Gastric carcinoma is still one of the most common cancer types worldwide, with a significant mortality rate. The study of its oncogenesis has identified several molecular and genetic factors that play an important role in its evolution, including the receptor for epidermal growth factor (CSFR). This cross-sectional descriptive study was aimed to analyze the expression of this receptor in 36 gastrectomy specimens collected in the „Dr. Antonio María Pineda‰ Central University Hospital from 2002 to 2006, using the labeled streptavidin-biotin method of immunohistochemical analysis, and establishing the correlation between its expression and different clinical-pathological parameters of recognized prognostic value. A higher frequency of EGFR expression was found in cases with minor tumoral extension in gastric wall (T1- T2 = 58.33%), in invasions to lymphatic ganglia (65.2%; p = 0.15) and distant organs (75%; p = 0.53), and in cases of advanced stage (IV=75%) and disease (III- IV= 66.67%; p = 0.36) and those with moderate grade of differentiation (66.67%). Statistical analysis showed that there was no correlation between these outcomes. EGFR is related to gastric carcinoma progression and might have a predictive role in the advanced disease.

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          Most cited references42

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          The burden of cancer attributable to alcohol drinking.

          We estimated the number of cancer cases and deaths attributable to alcohol drinking in 2002 by sex and WHO subregion, based on relative risks of cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, liver, colon, rectum, larynx and female breast obtained from recent meta- and pooled analyses and data on prevalence of drinkers obtained from the WHO Global Burden of Disease project. A total of 389,100 cases of cancer are attributable to alcohol drinking worldwide, representing 3.6% of all cancers (5.2% in men, 1.7% in women). The corresponding figure for mortality is 232,900 deaths (3.5% of all cancer deaths). This proportion is particularly high among men in Central and Eastern Europe. Among women, breast cancer comprises 60% of alcohol-attributable cancers. Although our estimates are based on simplified assumptions, the burden of alcohol-associated cancer appears to be substantial and needs to be considered when making public health recommendations on alcohol drinking. Copyright 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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            Lifetime and baseline alcohol intake and risk of colon and rectal cancers in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC).

            Alcohol consumption may be associated with risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), but the epidemiological evidence for an association with specific anatomical subsites, types of alcoholic beverages and current vs. lifetime alcohol intake is inconsistent. Within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), 478,732 study subjects free of cancer at enrolment between 1992 and 2000 were followed up for an average of 6.2 years, during which 1,833 CRC cases were observed. Detailed information on consumption of alcoholic beverages at baseline (all cases) and during lifetime (1,447 CRC cases, 69% of the cohort) was collected from questionnaires. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the alcohol-CRC association. After adjustment for potential confounding factors, lifetime alcohol intake was significantly positively associated to CRC risk (hazard ratio, HR=1.08, 95%CI=1.04-1.12 for 15 g/day increase), with higher cancer risks observed in the rectum (HR=1.12, 95%CI=1.06-1.18) than distal colon (HR=1.08, 95%CI=1.01-1.16), and proximal colon (HR=1.02, 95%CI=0.92-1.12). Similar results were observed for baseline alcohol intake. When assessed by alcoholic beverages at baseline, the CRC risk for beer (HR=1.38, 95%CI=1.08-1.77 for 20-39.9 vs. 0.1-2.9 g/day) was higher than wine (HR=1.21, 95%CI=1.02-1.44), although the two risk estimates were not significantly different from each other. Higher HRs for baseline alcohol were observed for low levels of folate intake (1.13, 95%CI=1.06-1.20 for 15 g/day increase) compared to high folate intake (1.03, 95%CI=0.98-1.09). In this large European cohort, both lifetime and baseline alcohol consumption increase colon and rectum cancer risk, with more apparent risk increases for alcohol intakes greater than 30 g/day. Copyright (c) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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              Phase II study of cetuximab in combination with FOLFIRI in patients with untreated advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (FOLCETUX study).

              The purpose of this phase II study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cetuximab combined with FOLFIRI as a first-line treatment of advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma. Untreated patients with confirmed advanced gastric or gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma received cetuximab at an initial dose of 400 mg/m(2) intravenously (i.v.) followed by weekly doses of 250 mg/m(2), CPT 11 180 mg/m(2) i.v. on day 1, LFA 100 mg/m(2) i.v. followed by 5-FU 400 mg/m(2) i.v. bolus, and 600 mg/m(2) i.v. 22-h continuous infusion on days 1 and 2 (FOLFIRI) every 2 weeks, for a maximum of 24 weeks, then cetuximab alone was allowed in patients with a complete response, partial response, or stable disease. Antitumor activity was assessed by computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) at baseline and after 6 weeks, and further by CT alone or CT and PET every 6 weeks. Thirty-eight patients were enrolled (median age 63.5 years, range 39-83; median Karnofsky performance status 90, range 70-100; stomach 89.5% and GEJ 10.5%; locally advanced disease 13.2% and metastatic disease 86.8%). All 38 patients were assessed for safety and survival, and 34 patients were assessed for overall response rates (ORR). The ORR was 44.1% [95% confidence interval (CI) 27.5% to 60.9%]. The median time-to-progression was 8 months (95% CI 7-9). At the median follow-up time of 11 months, 55.3% of patients were alive, with a median expected survival time of 16 months (95% CI 9-23). Grade 3-4 toxicity included neutropenia (42.1%), acne-like rash (21.1%), diarrhea (7.9%), asthenia (5.3%), stomatitis (5.3%), and hypertransaminasemia (5.3%). There was one (2.6%) treatment-related death. The combination of cetuximab and FOLFIRI is active in gastric and GEJ adenocarcinoma. The higher toxicity appears to be limited to neutropenia.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                gen
                Gen
                Gen
                Sociedad Venezolana de Gastroentereología (Caracas )
                0016-3503
                September 2009
                : 63
                : 3
                : 158-162
                Affiliations
                [1 ] UCLA Venezuela
                [2 ] UCLA Venezuela
                [3 ] Hospital J M de Los Ríos Venezuela
                Article
                S0016-35032009000300004
                5e7fa576-7bdb-4bdb-b162-da38070c3a2f

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Venezuela

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.ve/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0016-3503&lng=en

                Gastric Carcinoma,Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor,Immunohistochemical Clinical-Pathological Correlation,Carcinoma gástrico,Receptor del Factor de Crecimiento Epidérmico,Inmunohistoquímica,Relación Clínico-Patológica

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