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      Marine natural products

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          Abstract

          A comprehensive review of 1490 new MNPs including the first naturally occurring blue zwitterionic quinoids dactylocyanines A–H is presented.

          Abstract

          Covering: January to December 2017

          This review covers the literature published in 2017 for marine natural products (MNPs), with 740 citations (723 for the period January to December 2017) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, mangroves and other intertidal plants and microorganisms. The emphasis is on new compounds (1490 in 477 papers for 2017), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Reviews, biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that led to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included. Geographic distributions of MNPs at a phylogenetic level are reported.

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          Retrospective analysis of natural products provides insights for future discovery trends.

          Cameron Pye, Matthew Bertin, R. Scott Lokey … (2017)
          Understanding of the capacity of the natural world to produce secondary metabolites is important to a broad range of fields, including drug discovery, ecology, biosynthesis, and chemical biology, among others. Both the absolute number and the rate of discovery of natural products have increased significantly in recent years. However, there is a perception and concern that the fundamental novelty of these discoveries is decreasing relative to previously known natural products. This study presents a quantitative examination of the field from the perspective of both number of compounds and compound novelty using a dataset of all published microbial and marine-derived natural products. This analysis aimed to explore a number of key questions, such as how the rate of discovery of new natural products has changed over the past decades, how the average natural product structural novelty has changed as a function of time, whether exploring novel taxonomic space affords an advantage in terms of novel compound discovery, and whether it is possible to estimate how close we are to having described all of the chemical space covered by natural products. Our analyses demonstrate that most natural products being published today bear structural similarity to previously published compounds, and that the range of scaffolds readily accessible from nature is limited. However, the analysis also shows that the field continues to discover appreciable numbers of natural products with no structural precedent. Together, these results suggest that the development of innovative discovery methods will continue to yield compounds with unique structural and biological properties.
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            Marine natural products.

            John Blunt, Brent Copp, Robert A Keyzers … (2016)
            This review covers the literature published in 2014 for marine natural products (MNPs), with 1116 citations (753 for the period January to December 2014) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, mangroves and other intertidal plants and microorganisms. The emphasis is on new compounds (1378 in 456 papers for 2014), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Reviews, biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that lead to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included.
            Article 0 comments Cited 146 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Enzymatic Halogenation and Dehalogenation Reactions: Pervasive and Mechanistically Diverse.

              Vinayak Agarwal, Zachary Miles, Jaclyn M Winter … (2017)
              Naturally produced halogenated compounds are ubiquitous across all domains of life where they perform a multitude of biological functions and adopt a diversity of chemical structures. Accordingly, a diverse collection of enzyme catalysts to install and remove halogens from organic scaffolds has evolved in nature. Accounting for the different chemical properties of the four halogen atoms (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine) and the diversity and chemical reactivity of their organic substrates, enzymes performing biosynthetic and degradative halogenation chemistry utilize numerous mechanistic strategies involving oxidation, reduction, and substitution. Biosynthetic halogenation reactions range from simple aromatic substitutions to stereoselective C-H functionalizations on remote carbon centers and can initiate the formation of simple to complex ring structures. Dehalogenating enzymes, on the other hand, are best known for removing halogen atoms from man-made organohalogens, yet also function naturally, albeit rarely, in metabolic pathways. This review details the scope and mechanism of nature's halogenation and dehalogenation enzymatic strategies, highlights gaps in our understanding, and posits where new advances in the field might arise in the near future.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): NPRRDF
                Title: Natural Product Reports
                Abbreviated Title: Nat. Prod. Rep.
                Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
                ISSN (Print): 0265-0568
                ISSN (Electronic): 1460-4752
                Publication date Created: January 25 2019
                Publication date (Electronic): 2019
                Volume: 36
                Issue: 1
                Pages: 122-173
                Affiliations
                [1 ]School of Environment and Science
                [2 ]Griffith University
                [3 ]Gold Coast
                [4 ]Australia
                [5 ]Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery
                [6 ]School of Chemical Sciences
                [7 ]University of Auckland
                [8 ]Auckland
                [9 ]New Zealand
                [10 ]Brisbane
                [11 ]Centre for Biodiscovery
                [12 ]School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
                [13 ]Victoria University of Wellington
                [14 ]Wellington
                [15 ]School of Science
                [16 ]University of Waikato
                [17 ]Hamilton
                Article
                DOI: 10.1039/C8NP00092A
                PubMed ID: 30663727
                SO-VID: 5e94330a-ca87-4222-aa9f-9258c3f13348
                Copyright © © 2019
                License:

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/

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