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      Estabilidad de la eficiencia de la cepa Glomus mosseae en la respuesta del tomate a condiciones de estrés hídrico fuera de su periodo óptimo

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          Abstract

          Entre las alternativas ecológicas para disminuir las afectaciones causadas por el estrés hídrico, se ha puesto en práctica la inoculación con hongos micorrízicos arbusculares. Profundizando en la temática se realizó este trabajo, con el objetivo de comprobar la estabilidad de la eficiencia de G. mosseae en el comportamiento del tomate cultivado fuera de su período óptimo sometido a condiciones de déficit hídrico. Para ello se llevaron a cabo dos experimentos en condiciones semicontroladas, en períodos medio tardío y tardío para el cultivo del tomate, sometiéndose a estrés hídrico las plantas inoculadas y sin inocular. Se determinaron algunas variables relacionadas con la actividad micorrízica, el crecimiento y estado hídrico de las plantas. Los indicadores evaluados fueron la colonización radical por los hongos micorrízicos arbusculares (% Col), densidad visual (DV), masa seca de hojas, tallos, raíz y total (g), superficie foliar (Sf) y el potencial hídrico (y). Los resultados demostraron la efectividad de la cepa para cada uno de los indicadores evaluados, siendo superiores en las plantas inoculadas en relación con las no inoculadas, aun cuando se cultiva fuera de su período óptimo. Esta experiencia sugiere cierta especificidad cepa-cultivo y, en particular, el mejor desarrollo del tomate en simbiosis con G. mosseae en las condiciones estudiadas.

          Translated abstract

          Among the ecological alternatives reducing water stress effects, the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculation has been put into practice. Deepening into this subject, the work was aimed to test the stability of G. mosseae efficiency on tomato behaviour, growing out of its optimal period under water deficit conditions. Thus, two experiments were carried out under semi-controlled conditions, within half-late and late periods for tomato crop, inoculated and non-inoculated plants being subjected to water stress. Some variables related to mycorrhizal activity, plant growth and its water status were determined. The following indicators were evaluated: root colonization per arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (% Col), visual density (DV), total dry weight as well as of leaves, stems and roots (g), foliar area (Sf) and water potential (y). Results proved strain efficiency per each indicator evaluated, which were higher in inoculated plants compared to non-inoculated ones, even though they were cultivated out of the optimal period. This experience suggests certain strain-crop specificity and particularly the best tomato development in symbiosis with G. mosseae under the studied conditions.

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          Most cited references24

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          Improved procedures for clearing roots and staining parasitic and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for rapid assessment of infection

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            Mycorrhizas and soil structure.

            In addition to their well-recognized roles in plant nutrition and communities, mycorrhizas can influence the key ecosystem process of soil aggregation. Here we review the contribution of mycorrhizas, mostly focused on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), to soil structure at various hierarchical levels: plant community; individual root; and the soil mycelium. There are a suite of mechanisms by which mycorrhizal fungi can influence soil aggregation at each of these various scales. By extension of these mechanisms to the question of fungal diversity, it is recognized that different species or communities of fungi can promote soil aggregation to different degrees. We argue that soil aggregation should be included in a more complete 'multifunctional' perspective of mycorrhizal ecology, and that in-depth understanding of mycorrhizas/soil process relationships will require analyses emphasizing feedbacks between soil structure and mycorrhizas, rather than a uni-directional approach simply addressing mycorrhizal effects on soils. We finish the discussion by highlighting new tools, developments and foci that will probably be crucial in further understanding mycorrhizal contributions to soil structure.
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              Water relations, drought and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis

                Author and article information

                Journal
                ctr
                Cultivos Tropicales
                cultrop
                Ediciones INCA (La Habana, , Cuba )
                0258-5936
                1819-4087
                December 2008
                : 29
                : 4
                : 47-53
                Affiliations
                [01] La Habana orgnameInstituto Nacional de Ciencias Agrícolas (INCA) orgdiv1departamento de Fisiología y Bioquímica Vegeta Cuba
                Article
                S0258-59362008000400007 S0258-5936(08)02900407
                5eb098e6-413c-49f6-9b92-2540b7232ee5

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 03 December 2007
                : 15 December 2008
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 27, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Cuba


                Glomus,tomate,estrés de sequía,respuesta de la planta,fungi,tomato,drought stress,plant response,hongos

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