1
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: not found
      • Article: not found

      Directed Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells to Neural Crest Stem Cells, Functional Peripheral Neurons, and Corneal Keratocytes

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisher
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Related collections

          Most cited references33

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Hematopoietic stem cell: self-renewal versus differentiation.

          The mammalian blood system, containing more than 10 distinct mature cell types, stands on one specific cell type, hematopoietic stem cell (HSC). Within the system, only HSCs possess the ability of both multipotency and self-renewal. Multipotency is the ability to differentiate into all functional blood cells. Self-renewal is the ability to give rise to HSC itself without differentiation. Since mature blood cells (MBCs) are predominantly short-lived, HSCs continuously provide more differentiated progenitors while properly maintaining the HSC pool size throughout life by precisely balancing self-renewal and differentiation. Thus, understanding the mechanisms of self-renewal and differentiation of HSC has been a central issue. In this review, we focus on the hierarchical structure of the hematopoietic system, the current understanding of microenvironment and molecular cues regulating self-renewal and differentiation of adult HSCs, and the currently emerging systems approaches to understand HSC biology. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Isolation and directed differentiation of neural crest stem cells derived from human embryonic stem cells.

            Vertebrate neural crest development depends on pluripotent, migratory precursor cells. Although avian and murine neural crest stem (NCS) cells have been identified, the isolation of human NCS cells has remained elusive. Here we report the derivation of NCS cells from human embryonic stem cells at the neural rosette stage. We show that NCS cells plated at clonal density give rise to multiple neural crest lineages. The human NCS cells can be propagated in vitro and directed toward peripheral nervous system lineages (peripheral neurons, Schwann cells) and mesenchymal lineages (smooth muscle, adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic cells). Transplantation of human NCS cells into the developing chick embryo and adult mouse hosts demonstrates survival, migration and differentiation compatible with neural crest identity. The availability of unlimited numbers of human NCS cells offers new opportunities for studies of neural crest development and for efforts to model and treat neural crest-related disorders.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Derivation of neural crest cells from human pluripotent stem cells.

              Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived neural crest (NC) cells present a valuable tool for modeling aspects of human NC development, including cell fate specification, multipotency and cell migration. hPSC-derived NC cells are also suitable for modeling human disease and as a renewable cell source for applications in regenerative medicine. Here we provide protocols for the step-wise differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) or human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into neuroectodermal and NC cells using either the MS5 coculture system or a novel defined culture method based on pharmacological inhibition of bone morphogenetic protein and transforming growth factor-beta signaling pathways. Furthermore, we present protocols for the purification and propagation of hPSC-NC cells using flow cytometry and defined in vitro culture conditions. Our protocol has been validated in multiple independent hESC and hiPSC lines. The average time required for generating purified hPSC-NC precursors using this protocol is 2-5 weeks.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Biotechnology Journal
                Biotechnol. J.
                Wiley
                18606768
                December 2017
                December 2017
                August 22 2017
                : 12
                : 12
                : 1700067
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Faculty of Dentistry; National University of Singapore; Singapore Singapore
                [2 ]Department of Biological Sciences; National University of Singapore; Singapore Singapore
                [3 ]National University of Singapore Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering; National University of Singapore; Singapore Singapore
                [4 ]Epithelial Cell Biology Laboratory; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology; Singapore Singapore
                [5 ]The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310003 China
                [6 ]Institute of Medical Biology; Agency for Science Technology and Research; Singapore Singapore
                [7 ]Harvard Medical School, and Harvard School of Dental Medicine; Boston MA 02115 USA
                [8 ]National University of Singapore Tissue Engineering Program (NUSTEP), Life Sciences Institute; National University of Singapore; Singapore Singapore
                Article
                10.1002/biot.201700067
                5ebd43b2-ba1c-4afa-a402-8ae8a3ad7f1b
                © 2017

                http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1

                http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor

                History

                Comments

                Comment on this article