Effect of apolipoprotein E phenotype on the association of plasma amyloid β and amyloid positron emission tomography imaging in Japan

Abstract

Introduction

The plasma concentration of beta-amyloid (Aβ) has been considered another biomarker of Alzheimer's disease and was reportedly associated with cortical Aβ accumulation.

Methods

We analyzed 28 subjects with apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4; E4 group) and 89 subjects without ApoE4 (non-E4 group) to determine the association between cortical Aβ accumulation by standard uptake value ratio with [ ¹⁸F]florbetapir positron emission tomography and plasma Aβ _1–40 and Aβ _1–42.

Results

Aβ _1–42/Aβ _1–40 correlated significantly with mean regional [ ¹⁸F]florbetapir standard uptake value ratio in the non-E4 group ( R ² = 0.06, P = .02) but not in the E4 group, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for Aβ _1–42/Aβ _1–40 in the non-E4 group showed sensitivity (92.9%) and specificity (45.9%) with a cutoff value of 0.150 for Aβ positivity.

Discussion

We verified that the correlation between Aβ _1–42/Aβ _1–40 and Aβ accumulation differed according to ApoE phenotype. The high sensitivity of plasma Aβ _1–42/Aβ _1–40 for Aβ positivity in non-E4 subjects indicated a possible role of plasma Aβ _1–42/Aβ _1–40 as a screening biomarker before amyloid positron emission tomography in clinical settings.