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      Nutrientes críticos de alimentos procesados y ultraprocesados destinados a niños y su adecuación al perfil de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud Translated title: Critical nutrients of processed and ultra-processed foods intended for children and their adequacy to the profile of the Pan American Health Organization

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          Abstract

          Resumen Introducción La modernización alimentaria ha llevado a una mayor disponibilidad de alimentos industrializados destinados a la población infantil, ricos en azúcares, grasas saturadas y altos en sodio. El objetivo fue determinar la adecuación de la composición nutricional de alimentos procesados y ultraprocesados destinados a niños de 2 a 12 años de edad de acuerdo al Perfil de Alimentos de la OPS respecto a los nutrientes críticos según lo declarado en el etiquetado nutricional. Material y Métodos Estudio transversal, observacional y descriptivo en el que se analizaron 113 productos: 11 procesados y 102 ultraprocesados según la clasificación NOVA, de dos supermercados de Asunción - Paraguay. Resultados La relación sodio/kcal fue elevada en 1 categoría de alimentos procesados y en 4 categorías de ultraprocesados. La cantidad de azúcares fue elevada en los alimentos procesados y en 6 de los ultraprocesados. El total de grasas y grasas saturadas fue elevado en 3 de los ultraprocesados a excepción de los snacks que sólo sobrepasaron el máximo permitido de grasas totales. Conclusiones Los alimentos procesados y ultraprocesados destinados a la población infantil analizados en este estudio, tienen al menos un nutriente crítico que sobrepasa lo establecido por la OPS, con lo cual se sugiere evitar al máximo su consumo por parte de los niños.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Introduction Food modernization has led to a greater availability of industrialized foods for children, rich in sugars, saturated fats and high in sodium. The aim was to determine the adequacy of the nutritional composition of processed and ultra-processed foods intended for children from 2 to 12 years of age according to the PAHO Food Profile regarding critical nutrients as stated in the nutritional labeling. Material and Methods Cross-sectional, observational and descriptive study in which 113 products were analyzed: 11 processed and 102 ultra-processed according to the NOVA classification, from two supermarkets in Asuncion - Paraguay. Results The sodium / kcal ratio was elevated in 1 category of processed foods and in 4 categories of ultra-processed foods. The amount of sugars was high in processed foods and in 6 of the ultra-processed. Total fat and saturated fat were high in 3 of the ultra-processed foods, with the exception of snacks that only exceeded the maximum allowed for total fat. Conclusions Processed and ultra-processed foods for the child population analyzed in this study have at least one critical nutrient that exceeds what is established by PAHO, which is why it is suggested to avoid its consumption by children as much as possible.

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          Consumption of ultra-processed food products and its effects on children's lipid profiles: a longitudinal study.

          Cardiovascular disease development is related to known risk factors (such as diet and blood lipids) that begin in childhood. Among dietary factors, the consumption of ultra-processing products has received attention. This study investigated whether children's consumption of processed and ultra-processing products at preschool age predicted an increase in lipid concentrations from preschool to school age.
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            A new classification of foods based on the extent and purpose of their processing

            This paper describes a new food classification which assigns foodstuffs according to the extent and purpose of the industrial processing applied to them. Three main groups are defined: unprocessed or minimally processed foods (group 1), processed culinary and food industry ingredients (group 2), and ultra-processed food products (group 3). The use of this classification is illustrated by applying it to data collected in the Brazilian Household Budget Survey which was conducted in 2002/2003 through a probabilistic sample of 48,470 Brazilian households. The average daily food availability was 1,792 kcal/person being 42.5% from group 1 (mostly rice and beans and meat and milk), 37.5% from group 2 (mostly vegetable oils, sugar, and flours), and 20% from group 3 (mostly breads, biscuits, sweets, soft drinks, and sausages). The share of group 3 foods increased with income, and represented almost one third of all calories in higher income households. The impact of the replacement of group 1 foods and group 2 ingredients by group 3 products on the overall quality of the diet, eating patterns and health is discussed.
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              Nutrition and health. The issue is not food, nor nutrients, so much as processing.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                renhyd
                Revista Española de Nutrición Humana y Dietética
                Rev Esp Nutr Hum Diet
                Academia Española de Nutrición y Dietética (Pamplona, Navarra, Spain )
                2173-1292
                2174-5145
                June 2021
                : 25
                : 2
                : 128-142
                Affiliations
                [2] Asunción Asunción orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Asunción orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Paraguay
                [1] San Lorenzo Asunción orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Asunción orgdiv1Dirección General de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica orgdiv2Centro Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Tecnológicas (CEMIT) Paraguay
                Article
                S2174-51452021000200128 S2174-5145(21)02500200128
                10.14306/renhyd.25.2.1085
                5f441350-a6b5-4b88-9433-c54d535d45ac

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 18 June 2020
                : 13 October 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 23, Pages: 15
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Investigaciones

                Critical nutrients,Comida Rápida,Valor Nutritivo,Etiquetado de Alimentos,Ingesta Diaria Recomendada,Niño,Preescolar,Alimentos procesados,Alimentos ultraprocesados,Nutrientes críticos,Fast Foods,Nutritive Value,Food Labeling,Recommended Dietary Allowances,Child,Child, Preschool,Processed food,Ultra-processed food

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