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      Infección del tracto urinario por enterobacterias en pacientes del laboratorio “San José”- Azogues Translated title: Infecção por Enterobacteriaceae do trato urinário em pacientes do laboratório "San José" - Azogues Translated title: Enterobacteriaceae infection of the urinary tract in patients of the "San José" laboratory - Azogues

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN La infección del tracto urinario es un proceso inflamatorio de los órganos involucrados, ocasionados por diferentes tipos de microorganismos, especialmente enterobacterias. Objetivo. El propósito del presente artículo es conocer la frecuencia de ITU con respecto a género, edad y de ello la presencia bacteriana y su perfil de resistencia en pacientes que acuden al laboratorio “San José” de la ciudad de Azogues-Ecuador. Materiales y Métodos. se aplicó un estudio de tipo descriptivo de corte transversal, documental - secundario; en pacientes de ambos sexos y diferentes rangos de edad. La muestra final de aislados positivos fue de 210 pacientes, los datos obtenidos fueron procesados en el Software SPSS versión 25.0 para su tabulación y análisis. Resultados. Se determinó un mayor porcentaje de aislados positivos en mujeres con 93,7 %. El grupo etario con más afección es la adultez con un 50,5 %, seguido de adultos mayores y jóvenes con un 21,4 % y el 11 % respectivamente. El agente etiológico con mayor incidencia fue Escherichia Coli con un 70,95 % con una resistencia a SXT el porcentaje restante corresponde a Providencia spp, Klebsiella spp, Enterobacter spp y Proteus spp. La opción terapéutica para las enterobacterias fue fosfomicina, amoxicilina + clavulánico y nitrofurantoína. Conclusión. El estudio viabilizó la obtención de resultados reales al respecto del ITU, confirmado la presencia de Escherichia coli como agente etiológico principal siendo su prevalencia en mujeres.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO A infecção do trato urinário é um processo inflamatório dos órgãos envolvidos, causado por diferentes tipos de microorganismos, especialmente enterobactérias. Objetivo. O objetivo deste artigo é determinar a freqüência de UTI com relação ao sexo, idade e presença de bactérias e seu perfil de resistência em pacientes que freqüentam o laboratório "San José", na cidade de Azogues-Equador. Materiais e Métodos. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo, transversal e documental-secundário em pacientes de ambos os sexos e diferentes faixas etárias. A amostra final de isolados positivos foi de 210 pacientes, os dados obtidos foram processados no software SPSS versão 25.0 para tabulação e análise. Resultados. Uma porcentagem maior de isolados positivos foi encontrada em mulheres com 93,7%. A faixa etária mais afetada foi a adulta com 50,5%, seguida por adultos mais velhos e mais jovens com 21,4% e 11% respectivamente. O agente etiológico com maior incidência foi Escherichia coli com 70,95% de resistência ao SXT. A porcentagem restante corresponde a Providencia spp, Klebsiella spp, Enterobacter spp e Proteus spp. A opção terapêutica para enterobactérias foi fosfomicina, amoxicilina mais ácido clavulânico e nitrofurantoína. Conclusão. O estudo tornou viável a obtenção de resultados reais em relação à UTI, confirmando a presença da Escherichia coli como o principal agente etiológico e sua prevalência nas mulheres.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Urinary tract infection is an inflammatory process of the organs involved, caused by different types of microorganisms, especially enterobacteria. Objective. The purpose of this article is to know the frequency of UTI with respect to gender, age and bacterial presence and their resistance profile in patients attending the "San José" laboratory in the city of Azogues-Ecuador. Materials and Methods. A descriptive, cross-sectional, documentary-secondary study was applied in patients of both sexes and different age ranges. The final sample of positive isolates was 210 patients, the data obtained were processed in SPSS software version 25.0 for tabulation and analysis. Results. A higher percentage of positive isolates was determined in women with 93.7%. The age group most affected was adulthood with 50.5 %, followed by the elderly and young adults with 21.4 % and 11 %, respectively. The etiological agent with the highest incidence was Escherichia coli with 70.95 % with resistance to SXT, the remaining percentage corresponded to Providencia spp, Klebsiella spp, Enterobacter spp and Proteus spp. The therapeutic option for enterobacteria was fosfomycin, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid and nitrofurantoin. Conclusion. The study made it feasible to obtain real results regarding UTI, confirming the presence of Escherichia coli as the main etiological agent and its prevalence in women

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          Advances in Understanding the Human Urinary Microbiome and Its Potential Role in Urinary Tract Infection

          Recent advances in the analysis of microbial communities colonizing the human body have identified a resident microbial community in the human urinary tract (UT). Compared to many other microbial niches, the human UT harbors a relatively low biomass. Studies have identified many genera and species that may constitute a core urinary microbiome. However, the contribution of the UT microbiome to urinary tract infection (UTI) and recurrent UTI (rUTI) pathobiology is not yet clearly understood. Evidence suggests that commensal species within the UT and urogenital tract (UGT) microbiomes, such as Lactobacillus crispatus, may act to protect against colonization with uropathogens.
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            Incidence, severity, help seeking, and management of uncomplicated urinary tract infection: a population-based survey.

            Limited knowledge of the population incidence and management of uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI) limits information provision and interventions to enhance care in the community.
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              Reaching the End of the Line: Urinary Tract Infections.

              Urinary tract infections (UTIs) cause a substantial health care burden. UTIs (i) are most often caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), (ii) primarily affect otherwise healthy females (50% of women will have a UTI), (iii) are associated with significant morbidity and economic impact, (iv) can become chronic, and (v) are highly recurrent. A history of UTI is a significant risk factor for a recurrent UTI (rUTI). In otherwise healthy women, an acute UTI leads to a 25 to 50% chance of rUTI within months of the initial infection. Interestingly, rUTIs are commonly caused by the same strain of E. coli that led to the initial infection, arguing that there exist host-associated reservoirs, like the gastrointestinal tract and underlying bladder tissue, that can seed rUTIs. Additionally, catheter-associated UTIs (CAUTI), caused by Enterococcus and Staphylococcus as well as UPEC, represent a major health care concern. The host's response of depositing fibrinogen at the site of infection has been found to be critical to establishing CAUTI. The Drug Resistance Index, an evaluation of antibiotic resistance, indicates that UTIs have become increasingly difficult to treat since the mid-2000s. Thus, UTIs are a "canary in the coal mine," warning of the possibility of a return to the preantibiotic era, where some common infections are untreatable with available antibiotics. Numerous alternative strategies for both the prevention and treatment of UTIs are being pursued, with a focus on the development of vaccines and small-molecule inhibitors targeting virulence factors, in the hopes of reducing the burden of urogenital tract infections in an antibiotic-sparing manner.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                vrs
                Vive Revista de Salud
                Vive Rev. Salud
                CET-BOLIVIA (La Paz, , Bolivia )
                2664-3243
                August 2022
                : 5
                : 14
                : 507-517
                Affiliations
                [1] Cuenca Azuay orgnameUniversidad Católica de Cuenca Ecuador
                Article
                S2664-32432022000200507 S2664-3243(22)00501400507
                10.33996/revistavive.v5i14.164
                5f6401ee-2a46-40c6-9236-96c76bcb279f

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 14 March 2022
                : 11 April 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 32, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Bolivia


                Fatores de risco,Infección,Tracto urinario,Enterobacteriaceae,Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana,Resistencia bacteriana a Antibióticos,Factores de riesgo,Infection,Urinary tract,Microbial Sensitivity Tests,Bacterial resistance to antibiotics,Risk factors,Infecção,Trato urinário,Teste de suscetibilidade microbiana,Resistência bacteriana aos antibióticos

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