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      Are sun- and shade-type anatomy required for the acclimation of Neoregelia cruenta?

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          Abstract

          Sun and shade plants are often discriminated by a number of sun- and shade-type anatomies. Nonetheless, we propose that among tank-bromeliads, changes in rosette architecture satisfy the requirements for coping with contrasting light levels. The tank-bromeliad Neoregelia cruenta naturally colonises sub-habitats ranging from full exposure to direct sunlight, to shaded environments in sand ridge plains. We quantified anatomical and morphological traits of leaves and rosettes of N. cruenta grown under sun and shade conditions. Cells with undulated lateral walls within the water parenchyma are for the first time described for the family. Under high light, leaf blades were wider, shorter, and yellowish. The rosette diameter of sun plants was less than half that of shade plants. Sun leaves overlapped with neighbouring leaves for most of their length, forming a cylindrical rosette where water accumulates. Shade leaves only overlapped in the centre of the rosette. Most anatomical traits were similar under both growth conditions. Stomata were absent from the base of sun leaves, which is probably explained by limited gas exchange at the base of the tight sun-type rosette. Data suggest that the ability of N. cruenta to acclimate to sun and shade is better explained by changes in rosette architecture than by leaf anatomy.

          Translated abstract

          Plantas de sol e sombra são frequentemente distinguíveis por diversos aspectos anatômicos. Não obstante, propomos que entre bromélias-tanque, mudanças na arquitetura da roseta satisfazem os requerimentos que permitem habitar extremos de luminosidade. A bromélia-tanque, Neoregelia cruenta naturalmente coloniza microhabitats que variam da exposição direta ao sol, a ambientes sombreados sob o dossel da vegetação de restinga. Quantifi camos aspectos anatômicos e morfológicos das folhas e rosetas de N. cruenta crescida sob sol e sombra. Células com paredes onduladas no parênquima aquífero são pela primeira vez descritas na família. No sol, as folhas são mais largas, menores e amareladas. O diâmetro da roseta é menos que a metade daquele de plantas de sombra. Folhas de sol se sobrepõem pela maior parte do seu comprimento, formando uma roseta cilíndrica que acumula água. Folhas de sombra somente se sobrepõem na base. A maioria dos aspectos anatômicos são similares sob ambas as condições de crescimento. Estômatos são ausentes na base de folhas de sol, provavelmente em função da limitação de trocas gasosas nessa região. Os dados sugerem que a habilidade de N. cruenta em aclimatar a condições de sol e sombra é melhor explicada por mudanças na arquitetura da roseta que por mudanças anatômicas.

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          Most cited references37

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          Physiological ecology of the Bromeliaceae

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            The leaf anatomy of East Patagonian xeromorphic plants

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              Functional leaf anatomy of plants with crassulacean acid metabolism

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                aabc
                Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
                An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.
                Academia Brasileira de Ciências (Rio de Janeiro )
                1678-2690
                June 2013
                : 85
                : 2
                : 561-574
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Brazil
                [3 ] Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Fluminense Brazil
                [4 ] Fundação Cecierj Brazil
                Article
                S0001-37652013000200561
                10.1590/S0001-37652013005000034
                5f9471cf-f08f-42e1-b286-3288754d45f0

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0001-3765&lng=en
                Categories
                MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

                Bromeliaceae,crown architecture,leaf anatomy,plant morphology,arquitetura de parte aerea,anatomia foliar,morfologia vegetal

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