14
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Distribution and correlation between phylogeny and functional traits of cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.)-nodulating microsymbionts from Ghana and South Africa

      research-article
      1 , 2 , , 2 ,
      Scientific Reports
      Nature Publishing Group UK

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) is indigenous to Africa, and highly valued for its N 2-fixing trait and the nutritional attributes of its grain and leaves. The species’ ability to establish effective symbiosis with diverse rhizobial populations gives it survival and growth advantage in N-limited environments. To explore the functional diversity and phylogenetic positions of rhizobia nodulating cowpea in Africa, nodules were collected from various cowpea varieties grown in soils from the Guinea savanna and Sudano-sahelian agroecologies of Northern Ghana, and from the lowveld and middleveld areas of Mpumalanga Province in South Africa. Box-PCR profiling and multilocus sequence analysis revealed the presence of diverse microsymbionts responsible for cowpea nodulation across the study sites. BOX-PCR amplifications yielded variable band sizes, ranging from 618 bp to 5354 bp, which placed the isolates in six major clusters (Cluster A–F). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA, atp D, gln II, gyr B, rpo B, nifH and nodC genes revealed the presence of diverse Bradyrhizobium sp. closely related to Bradyrhizobium daqingense, Bradyrhizobium subterraneum, Bradyrhizobium yuanmingense, Bradyrhizobium embrapense, Bradyrhizobium pachyrhizi, Bradyrhizobium elkanii and novel Bradyrhizobium species in the soils studied, a finding that could be attributed to the unique edapho-climatic conditions of the contrasting environments. The test isolates exhibited distinct symbiotic efficiencies, and also induced variable (p ≤ 0.001) photosynthetic rates, leaf transpiration, total chlorophyll and shoot biomass accumulation on cowpea (their homologous host). Canonical correspondence analysis showed that the distribution of these microsymbionts was influenced by the concentrations of macro- and micronutrients in soils. The pairwise genetic distances derived from phylogenies and nodule functioning showed significant (p < 0.05) correlation, which suggests that local environmental factors played a major role in the cowpea- Bradyrhizobium symbiosis.

          Related collections

          Most cited references34

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Neglecting legumes has compromised human health and sustainable food production.

          The United Nations declared 2016 as the International Year of Pulses (grain legumes) under the banner 'nutritious seeds for a sustainable future'. A second green revolution is required to ensure food and nutritional security in the face of global climate change. Grain legumes provide an unparalleled solution to this problem because of their inherent capacity for symbiotic atmospheric nitrogen fixation, which provides economically sustainable advantages for farming. In addition, a legume-rich diet has health benefits for humans and livestock alike. However, grain legumes form only a minor part of most current human diets, and legume crops are greatly under-used. Food security and soil fertility could be significantly improved by greater grain legume usage and increased improvement of a range of grain legumes. The current lack of coordinated focus on grain legumes has compromised human health, nutritional security and sustainable food production.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Control of leghaemoglobin synthesis in snake beans.

            1. The finding that the plant is the genetic determinant of leghaemoglobin production in legume nodules was further tested by inoculating snake beans with two strains of Rhizobium selected to give large genetic differences. Carbohydrate requirement patterns, immunological techniques and DNA base ratio determinations were used to demonstrate genetic differences between the two rhizobial strains. 2. Partially purified preparations of the haemoglobins from the nodules produced by the two strains showed no differences when examined by electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing or ion-exchange chromatography. 3. Two different leghaemoglobins from each type of nodule were separated by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose. One of these was isolated in the Fe(3+) form and accounted for two-thirds of the total leghaemoglobin. When it was examined in the analytical ultracentrifuge and by amino acid analysis, this major component did not vary with the inoculant rhizobial strain. The molecule had an s(20,w) of 1.88S, a diffusion coefficient of 10.7x10(-7)cm(2).s(-1) and a mol. wt. of 16700. 4. These results strongly support the hypothesis that the mRNA for leghaemoglobin is transcribed from plant DNA.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: not found
              • Article: not found

              When yield gaps are poverty traps: The paradigm of ecological intensification in African smallholder agriculture

                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                sanjaysiswa@gmail.com
                DakoraFD@tut.ac.za
                Journal
                Sci Rep
                Sci Rep
                Scientific Reports
                Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                2045-2322
                20 December 2018
                20 December 2018
                2018
                : 8
                : 18006
                Affiliations
                [1 ]ISNI 0000 0001 0109 1328, GRID grid.412810.e, Department of Crop Sciences, , Tshwane University of Technology, ; Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001 South Africa
                [2 ]ISNI 0000 0001 0109 1328, GRID grid.412810.e, Chemistry Department, , Tshwane University of Technology, ; Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001 South Africa
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2745-9949
                Article
                36324
                10.1038/s41598-018-36324-0
                6302100
                30573737
                5fab1e29-44a6-47a5-912d-3af6c578c5a0
                © The Author(s) 2018

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 6 June 2018
                : 18 September 2018
                Categories
                Article
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s) 2018

                Uncategorized
                Uncategorized

                Comments

                Comment on this article