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      Rol del Estado en la investigación científica en salud y transparencia en la información Translated title: The role of the State in health-related scientific research and data transparency

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          Abstract

          La investigación en salud es una herramienta necesaria para el desarrollo de un país, la cual debe ser materializada en políticas públicas que repercutan sobre el bienestar de la población; por lo que es indudable la responsabilidad del Estado en su promoción, desarrollo y difusión, trabajando en forma conjunta con otros actores de la sociedad y del mundo académico a nivel nacional e internacional. En este manuscrito se revisa la normativa que establece el rol del Estado peruano sobre investigación en salud y transparencia en la información, el desarrollo que ha tenido en la gobernanza del sector, y los ejemplos más tangibles en que las investigaciones promovidas por el Ministerio de Salud a través del Instituto Nacional de Salud en colaboración con otras instituciones, han terminado en políticas públicas en beneficio de la población como el cambio de tratamiento de malaria y la vacunación universal contra la hepatitis viral B.

          Translated abstract

          Health-related research is a necessary tool for the development of every country, and this research must be materialized by means of public policies directed towards achieving welfare for the community as a whole; so undoubtedly there is a great responsibility for the state in terms of promoting, developing and spreading health-related research, jointly working with other components of society and the academic sector, both nationally and internationally. This article reviews the regulations that establish the role of the Peruvian state on health-related research and data transparency, the development of management strategies for this area, and the most tangible achievements showing that health-related research promoted by the Peruvian Ministry of health through the National Institute of Health led to the implementation of public policies favoring the whole population, such as changes in therapy for malaria and universal immunization against hepatitis B.

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          Most cited references67

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          The process of changing national malaria treatment policy: lessons from country-level studies.

          Widespread resistance of Plasmodium falciparum parasites to commonly used antimalarials, such as chloroquine, has resulted in many endemic countries considering changing their malaria treatment policy. Identifying and understanding the key influences that affect decision-making, and factors that facilitate or undermine policy implementation, is critical for improving the policy process and guiding resource allocation during this process. A historical review of archival documents from Malaŵi and data obtained from in-depth policy studies in four countries (Tanzania, South Africa, Kenya and Peru) that have changed malaria treatment policy provides important lessons about decision-making, the policy cycle and complex policy environment, while specifically identifying strategies successfully employed to facilitate policy-making and implementation. Findings from these country-level studies indicate that the process of malaria drug policy review should be institutionalized in endemic countries and based on systematically collected data. Key stakeholders need to be identified early and engaged in the process, while improved communication is needed on all levels. Although malaria drug policy change is often perceived to be a daunting task, using these and other proven strategies should assist endemic countries to tackle this challenge in a systematic fashion that ensures the development and implementation of the rational malaria drug policy.
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            Drugs for neglected diseases: a failure of the market and a public health failure?

            Infectious diseases cause the suffering of hundreds of millions of people, especially in tropical and subtropical areas. Effective, affordable and easy-to-use medicines to fight these diseases are nearly absent. Although science and technology are sufficiently advanced to provide the necessary medicines, very few new drugs are being developed. However, drug discovery is not the major bottleneck. Today's R&D-based pharmaceutical industry is reluctant to invest in the development of drugs to treat the major diseases of the poor, because return on investment cannot be guaranteed. With national and international politics supporting a free market-based world order, financial opportunities rather than global health needs guide the direction of new drug development. Can we accept that the dearth of effective drugs for diseases that mainly affect the poor is simply the sad but inevitable consequence of a global market economy? Or is it a massive public health failure, and a failure to direct economic development for the benefit of society? An urgent reorientation of priorities in drug development and health policy is needed. The pharmaceutical industry must contribute to this effort, but national and international policies need to direct the global economy to address the true health needs of society. This requires political will, a strong commitment to prioritize health considerations over economic interests, and the enforcement of regulations and other mechanisms to stimulate essential drug development. New and creative strategies involving both the public and the private sector are needed to ensure that affordable medicines for today's neglected diseases are developed. Priority action areas include advocating an essential medicines R&D agenda, capacity-building in and technology transfer to developing countries, elaborating an adapted legal and regulatory framework, prioritizing funding for essential drug development and securing availability, accessibility, distribution and rational use of these drugs.
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              Malaria reemergence in the Peruvian Amazon region.

              Epidemic malaria has rapidly emerged in Loreto Department, in the Peruvian Amazon region. Peru reports the second highest number of malaria cases in South America (after Brazil), most from Loreto. From 1992 to 1997, malaria increased 50-fold in Loreto but only fourfold in Peru. Plasmodium falciparum infection, which has increased at a faster rate than P. vivax infection in the last 3 years, became the dominant Plasmodium infection in the highest transmission areas in the 1997 rainy season. The vector Anopheles darlingi has also increased during this epidemic in Loreto. Moreover, chloroquine and pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine drug-resistant P. falciparum strains have emerged, which require development of efficacious focal drug treatment schemes.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rins
                Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Publica
                Rev. perú. med. exp. salud publica
                Instituto Nacional de Salud (Lima, , Peru )
                1726-4634
                October 2006
                : 23
                : 4
                : 275-283
                Affiliations
                [02] Lima orgnameUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina Perú
                [01] Lima orgnameInstituto Nacional de Salud Perú
                Article
                S1726-46342006000400008 S1726-4634(06)02300408
                5fd65063-25a2-43c3-80c1-9c73edddc008

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 46, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Peru

                Self URI: Texto completo solamente en formato PDF (ES)
                Categories
                Artículo de Revisión

                Peru,Public information,Research support,Health policy,Federal Government,Perú,Información pública,Apoyo a la investigación,Política de salud,Gobierno nacional

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