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Abstract
To analyze trends in sickle cell disease (SCD)-related mortality among black children
during 1983-2002.
Using the multiple-cause mortality files compiled by the Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention's National Center for Health Statistics, we analyzed deaths among children
classified as black who were age 14 years and younger and had SCD identified on their
death certificates.
Relative to the rate for 1983-1986, the SCD mortality rate for 1999-2002 decreased
by 68% (95% confidence interval [CI]=58% to 75%) at age 0 to 3 years, by 39% (95%
CI=16% to 56%) at age 4 to 9 years, and by 24% (95% CI= -9% to 47%) at age 10 to 14
years. For the most recent period studied, a significant (42%) reduction in mortality
at age 0 to 3 years was seen between 1995-1998 and 1999-2002, with essentially no
reduction in SCD mortality at older ages.
Recent decreases in SCD mortality in black children under age 4 years coincided with
the introduction of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in 2000, although
temporal association is not evidence of causation. The lack of significant recent
reduction in SCD mortality in older children indicates the need for new treatment
approaches.