EVALUACIÓN DE LA MORTALIDAD Y DE LAS LESIONES TRAUMÁTICAS EN POLLO DE ENGORDE BAJO CONDICIONES DE SACRIFICIO COMERCIAL

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Abstract

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue el de evaluar la mortalidad al arribo (DOA) y la presencia de lesiones traumáticas (hematomas y fracturas) en canales de aves de engorde. Se realizó un estudio prospectivo de las lesiones presentes en las canales de 622 lotes (n=248.800 aves) procesados en una planta de sacrificio comercial, durante los meses de junio, julio y agosto de 2011, de acuerdo con los criterios de la inspección sanitaria. La tasa de mortalidad de las aves fue 2.54 %. El 11.8 % (29.335/248.800) de las canales evaluadas presentó algún tipo de lesión. Los hematomas generalizados (32 %), la presencia de aves ahogadas (21.6 %) y los hematomas en las puntas de las alas (18.2 %), fueron las lesiones más frecuentes. Los resultados indican fallas en las prácticas de manejo relacionadas con el bienestar animal en el presacrificio, siendo necesario desarrollar investigaciones para conocer su impacto económico, así como el entrenamiento y la capacitación del personal vinculado en el proceso.

Translated abstract

The objective of the present study was to evaluate mortality on arrival (DOA) and the presence of traumatic injures (bruises and fractures) in broilers channels. A prospective study of lesions present in channels of 622 sets (n=248,800 birds) processed in a commercial slaughterhouse was carried out during the months of June, July and August 2011 according to the sanitary inspection criteria. The mortality rate was 2.54 %. Lesions were found in 11.8 % (29.335/248.800) of channels inspected. Generalized bruises (32 %), drowned birds (21.6 %) and bruises on the tips of the wings were the most common injures. The results indicate failure in the handling practices related to animal welfare in pre-slaughter, being necessary to develop research to know their economic impact, as well as training of personnel involved in the process.

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Animal welfare at markets and during transport and slaughter.

N. Gregory (2008)

This review highlights some recent developments in our understanding of stress and physical injuries that occur before and during transport to slaughter, during handling at livestock markets, and at the time animals are put-up for slaughter within abattoirs. Stress in pigs during transfer to the stunning point within the abattoir has important effects on meat quality, and there is growing evidence that strenuous exercise or CO(2) stunning can contribute to oxidative rancidity in pigs, poultry and fish. In the EU, putting cattle through a crush in order to check that their eartag numbers correspond to their passport numbers is imposing additional stress, and there are reports that it is leading to greater hide contamination with Escherichia coli O157. Recent developments in stunning and slaughter include a better understanding of the causes of variation in captive bolt gun performance, the effectiveness of poll instead of frontal shooting in water buffalo, the prevalence of false aneurysms in carotid arteries during shechita and halal slaughter, and the stress effects of CO(2) stunning in fish. Stunning pigs with 90% CO(2) leads to less PSE meat than 80% CO(2). There have been concerns about the physical activity that cattle show following electrical stunning with an electrically induced cardiac arrest, and with electrical stunning using DC waveforms in broiler chickens. There is also growing concern about the hygiene problems that exist in wet markets, where animals are slaughtered alongside meat that is on display to customers.

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Effects of travel distance and the season of the year on death rates of broilers transported to poultry processing plants.

V Vecerek, S Grbalova, E Voslarova … (2006)

Death losses among broilers transported to processing plants are caused by poor welfare. The number of birds dying during transport and in processing plants shortly after arrival there may serve as an indicator of the quality of welfare during loading and transport. In the Czech Republic, shipments of broilers to processing plants were monitored from 1997 to 2004. It was found that the mortality of broilers during transport was 0.247%, but it varied according to the transport distance to the processing plant from 0.146% (50 km maximum) to 0.862% (>300 km). The broiler mortality in transit was also influenced by the season of the year. The highest mortality was found in summer months, especially in June, July, and August, and in winter months, especially in December, January, and February. A comparison between period 1 (1997 to 2000) and period 2 (2001 to 2004) showed a long-term adverse trend in the number of broilers dying during transport to processing plants for all of the distances monitored (except transport distances <50 km), because the overall number of dead birds on arrival to processing plants increased from 0.224 to 0.265% (index of 1.18). This difference is statistically significant (P = 0.000). The stress caused to broilers by transport to processing plants is reflected in higher transport-related mortality of the birds. Long-term trends point to an increase in death losses of broilers. Longer transport distances and transportation in summer and winter months have led to an increase in death losses among broilers transported to processing plants.

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Effect of acute cold exposure, age, sex, and lairage on broiler breast meat quality.

S. Dadgar, E.S. Lee, T.L.V. Leer … (2011)

The effect of acute cold exposure on bird physiology, muscle metabolites, and meat quality was assessed in 360 male and female broilers at 5 and 6 wk of age, exposed for 3 h to temperature ranges of -18 to -4°C and a control of +20°C, by using a simulated transport system followed by 0 or 2 h of lairage. Core body temperature (CBT) was recorded, and the microclimate temperature and RH surrounding individual birds were monitored. Birds were classified based on the temperature in their immediate surroundings. Exposure to temperatures below 0°C resulted in a decrease (P 57%) incidence of dark, firm, and dry breast meat [pH >6.1 and L* (lightness) <46] was observed at temperatures below -14°C. A 2-h lairage resulted in an additional 20% increase in the incidence of dark, firm, and dry meat at temperatures below -8°C. Results of this study showed that older birds coped better with extreme cold conditions compared with younger birds. Furthermore, it would be beneficial to limit the length of lairage before processing after exposure to acute cold to improve bird welfare and reduce meat quality defects.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Marlyn Hellen Romero Peñuela: Role: ND

Jorge Alberto Sánchez Valencia: Role: ND

Jairo Francisco Moncayo Mora: Role: ND

Journal

Journal ID (publisher): biosa

Title: Biosalud

Abbreviated Title: Biosalud

Publisher: Universidad de Caldas (Manizales )

ISSN: 1657-9550

Publication date (Print): June 2014

Volume: 13

Issue: 1

Pages: 30-36

Affiliations

[1 ] Universidad de Caldas Colombia

[2 ] Universidad de Caldas Colombia

Article

Publisher ID: S1657-95502014000100004

SO-VID: 5ff87450-e884-453b-9b45-74abff7f77d9

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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SciELO Colombia

Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1657-9550&lng=en

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EVALUACIÓN DE LA MORTALIDAD Y DE LAS LESIONES TRAUMÁTICAS EN POLLO DE ENGORDE BAJO CONDICIONES DE SACRIFICIO COMERCIAL Translated title: EVALUATION OF MORTALITY AND TRAUMATIC INJURES IN BROILER CHICKENS UNDER COMMERCIAL SLAUGHTERING CONDITIONS

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Abstract

Translated abstract

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SciELO Colombia

Most cited references 25

Animal welfare at markets and during transport and slaughter.

Effects of travel distance and the season of the year on death rates of broilers transported to poultry processing plants.

Effect of acute cold exposure, age, sex, and lairage on broiler breast meat quality.

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