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      MRI-Guided Thrombolysis for Stroke with Unknown Time of Onset

      Author(s): 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1
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      Journal: New England Journal of Medicine
      Publisher: New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM/MMS)

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          Abstract

          Under current guidelines, intravenous thrombolysis is used to treat acute stroke only if it can be ascertained that the time since the onset of symptoms was less than 4.5 hours. We sought to determine whether patients with stroke with an unknown time of onset and features suggesting recent cerebral infarction on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) would benefit from thrombolysis with the use of intravenous alteplase.

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          Guidelines for Management of Ischaemic Stroke and Transient Ischaemic Attack 2008

          The European Stroke Organisation (ESO) Executive Committee and the ESO Writing Committee (2008)
          This article represents the update of the European Stroke Initiative Recommendations for Stroke Management. These guidelines cover both ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attacks, which are now considered to be a single entity. The article covers referral and emergency management, Stroke Unit service, diagnostics, primary and secondary prevention, general stroke treatment, specific treatment including acute management, management of complications, and rehabilitation.
          Article 0 comments Cited 535 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            The Heidelberg Bleeding Classification: Classification of Bleeding Events After Ischemic Stroke and Reperfusion Therapy.

            Rüdiger von Kummer, Joseph P Broderick, Bruce C.V. Campbell … (2015)
            Article 0 comments Cited 372 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              DWI-FLAIR mismatch for the identification of patients with acute ischaemic stroke within 4·5 h of symptom onset (PRE-FLAIR): a multicentre observational study.

              Götz Thomalla, Bastian Cheng, Martin Ebinger … (2011)
              Many patients with stroke are precluded from thrombolysis treatment because the time from onset of their symptoms is unknown. We aimed to test whether a mismatch in visibility of an acute ischaemic lesion between diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI (DWI-FLAIR mismatch) can be used to detect patients within the recommended time window for thrombolysis. In this multicentre observational study, we analysed clinical and MRI data from patients presenting between Jan 1, 2001, and May 31, 2009, with acute stroke for whom DWI and FLAIR were done within 12 h of observed symptom onset. Two neurologists masked to clinical data judged the visibility of acute ischaemic lesions on DWI and FLAIR imaging, and DWI-FLAIR mismatch was diagnosed by consensus. We calculated predictive values of DWI-FLAIR mismatch for the identification of patients with symptom onset within 4·5 h and within 6 h and did multivariate regression analysis to identify potential confounding covariates. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01021319. The final analysis included 543 patients. Mean age was 66·0 years (95% CI 64·7-67·3) and median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was 8 (IQR 4-15). Acute ischaemic lesions were identified on DWI in 516 patients (95%) and on FLAIR in 271 patients (50%). Interobserver agreement for acute ischaemic lesion visibility on FLAIR imaging was moderate (κ=0·569, 95% CI 0·504-0·634). DWI-FLAIR mismatch identified patients within 4·5 h of symptom onset with 62% (95% CI 57-67) sensitivity, 78% (72-84) specificity, 83% (79-88) positive predictive value, and 54% (48-60) negative predictive value. Multivariate regression analysis identified a longer time to MRI (p<0·0001), a lower age (p=0·0009), and a larger DWI lesion volume (p=0·0226) as independent predictors of lesion visibility on FLAIR imaging. Patients with an acute ischaemic lesion detected with DWI but not with FLAIR imaging are likely to be within a time window for which thrombolysis is safe and effective. These findings lend support to the use of DWI-FLAIR mismatch for selection of patients in a future randomised trial of thrombolysis in patients with unknown time of symptom onset. Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung, National Institutes of Health. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Title: New England Journal of Medicine
                Abbreviated Title: N Engl J Med
                Publisher: New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM/MMS)
                ISSN (Print): 0028-4793
                ISSN (Electronic): 1533-4406
                Publication date Created: May 16 2018
                Publication date (Electronic): May 16 2018
                Affiliations
                [1 ]From Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg–Eppendorf (G.T., B. Cheng, S.G., A.G., C.G.), the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg–Eppendorf (J.F.), and ZytoService Deutschland (E.S.), Hamburg, Universitätsklinik für Neurologie, Medizinische Universität Graz, Graz (F.F.), Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin (I.G., K.G.H., K.V., M. Ebinger, M. Endres, J.B.F.) and Klinik und Hochschulambulanz...
                Article
                DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1804355
                PubMed ID: 29766770
                SO-VID: 6031ef51-4b6b-4ef7-9a51-6e9addaee224
                Copyright © © 2018
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