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      Environmental perspectives of microplastic pollution in the aquatic environment: a review

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          Abstract

          Microplastics are a highly concerning pollutant that have gained attention from the scientific community and other regulatory authorities due to their potential risks to organisms and ecosystems. Microplastics are widespread in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and can be found even in Antarctica and deep-sea sediments. The ability to survive for long periods in the environment and their aptitude of inter- and intra-environmental translocation can prompt poor environmental outcomes. The adsorption of heavy metals and other toxic persistent organic pollutants is a further cause for concern. Furthermore, microplastics enable the development of a distinct microbial niche within an ecosystem, which could potentially impair ecosystem function by promoting the growth of selective microbial communities. The acquisition of metal-resistant, antibiotic-resistant genes, and the enrichment of antibiotic-resistant bacteria on microplastic surfaces have recently been reported. Moreover, some studies have also reported the colonization of pathogenic bacterial strains such as Vibrio spp. on microplastic surfaces. This review aims to address the sources of microplastic pollution in the freshwater and marine environments and to discuss their potential functions in the environment.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          MLST
          Marine Life Science & Technology
          Springer (China )
          2096-6490
          2662-1746
          01 November 2020
          10 August 2020
          : 2
          : 4
          : 414-430
          Affiliations
          [1] 1State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
          [2] 2State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ürümqi 830011, China
          [3] 3Bioproducts Research Chair, Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
          [4] 4Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 65211, Egypt
          Author notes
          *Corresponding author: Wen-Jun Li, E-mail: liwenjun3@ 123456mail.sysu.edu.cn
          Article
          s42995-020-00056-w
          10.1007/s42995-020-00056-w
          603e8aa0-9f0b-4d36-adcd-75955ee57a3a
          © 2020 Ocean University of China
          History
          : 23 January 2020
          : 21 May 2020
          Categories
          Review

          Evolutionary Biology,Cell biology,Aquaculture & Fisheries,Ecology,Biotechnology,Life sciences
          Gene exchange,Pollutant reservoir,Microplastic,Distinct microbial habitat,Heavy metals

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