New perspectives in patient education for cardiac surgery using 3D-printing and virtual reality

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Abstract

Background

Preoperative anxiety in cardiac surgery can lead to prolonged hospital stays and negative postoperative outcomes. An improved patient education using 3D models may reduce preoperative anxiety and risks associated with it.

Methods

Patient education was performed with standardized paper-based methods ( n = 34), 3D-printed models ( n = 34) or virtual reality models ( n = 31). Anxiety and procedural understanding were evaluated using questionnaires prior to and after the patient education. Additionally, time spent for the education and overall quality were evaluated among further basic characteristics (age, gender, medical expertise, previous non-cardiac surgery and previously informed patients). Included surgeries were coronary artery bypass graft, surgical aortic valve replacement and thoracic aortic aneurysm surgery.

Results

A significant reduction in anxiety measured by Visual Analog Scale was achieved after patient education with virtual reality models (5.00 to 4.32, Δ-0.68, p < 0.001). Procedural knowledge significantly increased for every group after the patient education while the visualization and satisfaction were best rated for patient education with virtual reality. Patients rated the quality of the patient education using both visualization methods individually [3D and virtual reality (VR) models] higher compared to the control group of conventional paper-sheets (control paper-sheets: 86.32 ± 11.89%, 3D: 94.12 ± 9.25%, p < 0.0095, VR: 92.90 ± 11.01%, p < 0.0412).

Conclusion

Routine patient education with additional 3D models can significantly improve the patients' satisfaction and reduce subjective preoperative anxiety effectively.

Related collections

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All references

Author and article information

Contributors

Maximilian Grab: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/2090787/overview

Fabian Hundertmark: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/2170054/overview

Nikolaus Thierfelder: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/2089142/overview

Petra Mela: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/785280/overview

Linda Grefen: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/2088617/overview

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Front Cardiovasc Med

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Front Cardiovasc Med

Journal ID (publisher-id): Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

Title: Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.

ISSN (Electronic): 2297-055X

Publication date (Electronic): 03 March 2023

Publication date Collection: 2023

Volume: 10

Electronic Location Identifier: 1092007

Affiliations

[ ¹ ]Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich , Munich, Germany

[ ² ]Chair of Medical Materials and Implants, Technical University Munich , Munich, Germany

[ ³ ]vr -on GmbH , Munich, Germany

Author notes

Edited by: Yeong-Hoon Choi, Kerckhoff Clinic GmbH, Germany

Reviewed by: Armin Darius Peivandi, University Hospital Muenster, Germany Kaveh Eghbalzadeh, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany Zhonghua Sun, Curtin University, Australia

[* ] Correspondence: Maximilian Grab Maximilian.Grab@ 123456med.uni-muenchen.de

Specialty Section: This article was submitted to Heart Surgery, a section of the journal Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

Article

DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1092007

PMC ID: 10020687

PubMed ID: 36937915

SO-VID: 605f5ed3-d52c-46ae-954d-b1095ce298ee

License:

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

History

Date received : 07 November 2022

Date accepted : 15 February 2023

Page count

Figures: 5, Tables: 3, Equations: 0, References: 19, Pages: 0, Words: 0

Funding

Funded by: German Heart Foundation/ German Foundation of Heart Research

This project was supported by the German Heart Foundation/ German Foundation of Heart Research (F/44/19).