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      Avaliação de mudanças na frequência de sistemas frontais sobre o sul da América do Sul em projeções do clima futuro Translated title: Changes in frequency of frontal systems over southern of South America in projections of future climate

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          Abstract

          A frequência de sistemas frontais sobre o sul da América do Sul identificada na reanálise do NCEP/NCAR é comparada com as simulações dos modelos GFDL e Hadley e projetadas no clima futuro. As análises para identificar casos de sistemas frontais foram feitas em três regiões que cobrem áreas do Brasil, Uruguai, Paraguai e Argentina. Esta análise foi realizada com o fim de investigar as características de eventos extremos no clima presente e em projeções do clima futuro. Para o clima presente observou-se que os modelos analisados simularam bem as características sinóticas dos sistemas frontais. No entanto, quando se compara a frequência de ocorrência das frentes entre a reanálise e as simulações, observa-se que os modelos GFDL e Hadley superestimam seu número e apenas o GFDL consegue reproduzir a variabilidade mensal. O modelo Hadley superestima ainda mais em relação ao NCEP e GFDL no clima presente. A tendência positiva no número de frentes observada na área 3 (65ºW-60ºW, 33ºS-38ºS) nos resultados da reanálise não é simulada pelos modelos. Quando os casos mais intensos são selecionados, o modelo GFDL é o que superestima mais o número de sistemas frontais. Os dois modelos indicam aumento na frequência de sistemas frontais no futuro nas três áreas, porém em menor proporção na área 3.

          Translated abstract

          The frequency of frontal systems reaching the south of South America is compared with reanalysis NCEP/NCAR and results of GFDL and Hadley models for the future climate. Three regions were analyzed to identify the frontal systems, in areas of Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay and Argentina. The following criteria were used: increase of sea surface pressure, reduction of the temperature and change of the meridional wind at 850hPa, in two consecutive days. Selected cases with temperature drop above five degrees, considered the most intense, were also analyzed. For the present climate it was observed that the models simulated well the synoptic characteristics of frontal systems. However, when comparing the frequency of frontal occurrence between reanalysis data and models simulations, the GFDL and Hadley models overestimated their numbers. The Hadley model overestimates further more than the NCEP and GFDL in present climate. The positive trend observed in area 3 (65ºW-60ºW, 33ºS-38ºS) from NCEP reanalysis is not simulated by the models. When the most intense systems are selected, the GFDL model shows higher overestimation in number of frontal systems. Both models indicate an increase of frontal systems frequency in future in the three areas, although less in area 3.

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          Most cited references26

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          Global observed changes in daily climate extremes of temperature and precipitation

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                meteoro
                Meteorologica
                Meteorologica
                Centro Argentino de Meteorólogos (Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, , Argentina )
                1850-468X
                June 2012
                : 37
                : 1
                : 15-26
                Affiliations
                [06] orgnameCONICET
                [03] orgnameUniversidad de Buenos Aires orgdiv1Facultad de Agronomía orgdiv2Cátedra de Climatología y Fenología Agrícolas Argentina
                [04] orgnameUniversidad de la Republica orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Uruguay
                [01] Cachoeira Paulista orgnameInstituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais orgdiv1Centro de Previsão de Tempo e Estudos Climáticos Brasil
                [05] Buenos Aires orgnameServicio Meteorológico Nacional Argentina
                [02] Diamante orgnameCONICET orgdiv1Centro de Investigación Científica y de Transferencia Tecnológica a la Producción Argentina
                Article
                S1850-468X2012000100002 S1850-468X(12)03700100002
                60949035-710f-45f3-9703-63ed7d2f8606

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 06 June 2011
                : 11 March 2010
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 29, Pages: 12
                Product

                SciELO Argentina


                Clima futuro,South America,Climate change,Frontal systems,Sistemas frontais,América do Sul

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