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      ANTIBACTERIAL EFFICACY OF INTRACANAL MEDICAMENTS ON BACTERIAL BIOFILM: A CRITICAL REVIEW

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          Abstract

          The purpose of this paper is to discuss critically the antibacterial efficacy of intracanal medicaments on bacterial biofilm. Longitudinal studies were evaluated by a systematic review of English-language articles retrieved from electronic biomedical journal databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL) and handsearching records, using different matches of keywords for root canal biofilm, between 1966 and August 1 st, 2007. The selected articles were identified from titles, abstracts and full-text articles by two independent reviewers, considering the tabulated inclusion and exclusion criteria. Disagreements were resolved by consensus. The search retrieved 91 related articles, of which 8.8% referred to in vivo studies demonstrating the lack of efficacy of endodontic therapy on bacterial biofilm. Intracanal medicaments were found to have a limited action against bacterial biofilm.

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          Microbiologic analysis of teeth with failed endodontic treatment and the outcome of conservative re-treatment.

          G Sundqvist, D Figdor, S. Persson … (1998)
          The purposes of this study were to determine what microbial flora were present in teeth after failed root canal therapy and to establish the outcome of conservative re-treatment. Fifty-four root-filled teeth with persisting periapical lesions were selected for re-treatment. After removal of the root filling, canals were sampled by means of advanced microbiologic techniques. The teeth were then re-treated and followed for up to 5 years. The microbial flora was mainly single species of predominantly gram-positive organisms. The isolates most commonly recovered were bacteria of the species Enterococcus faecalis. The overall success rate of re-treatment was 74%. The microbial flora in canals after failed endodontic therapy differed markedly from the flora in untreated teeth. Infection at the time of root filling and size of the periapical lesion were factors that had a negative influence on the prognosis. Three of four endodontic failures were successfully managed by re-treatment.
          Article 0 comments Cited 174 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Bacterial biofilms in nature and disease.

            J Costerton, K J Cheng, G G Geesey … (1987)
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              In vitro infection and disinfection of dentinal tubules.

              Dag Ørstavik, M Haapasalo (1987)
              An in vitro model for dentinal tubule infection of root canals was developed. Cylindrical dentin specimens, 4 mm high with a diameter of 6 mm and a canal 2.3 mm wide, were prepared from freshly extracted bovine incisors. The cementum was removed from all dentin blocks. The tubules were opened by four-minute treatments with 17% EDTA and 5.25% NaOCl before being infected with Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 in yeast extract-glucose broth. Bacteria rapidly invaded the tubules. After three weeks of incubation, a heavy infection was found 400 micron from the canal lumen, and the front of the infection reached 1000 micron in some blocks. Camphorated paramonochlorophenol (CMCP) and a calcium hydroxide compound, Calasept, were tested for their disinfecting efficacy toward E. faecalis-infected dentin. Liquid CMCP rapidly and completely disinfected the dentinal tubules, whereas CMCP in gaseous form disinfected tubules less rapidly. Calasept failed to eliminate, even superficially, E. faecalis in the tubules. The method used in bacteriological sampling allowed for sequential removal of 100-micron-thick zones of dentin from the central canal toward the periphery. Control specimens were uniformly infected and yielded growth in bur samples up to some 500 microns from the surface. The model proved quite sensitive and seems suitable for in vitro testing of root canal medicaments.
              Article 0 comments Cited 142 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Appl Oral Sci
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Appl Oral Sci
                Title: Journal of Applied Oral Science
                Publisher: Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru da Universidade de São Paulo (Bauru )
                ISSN (Print): 1678-7757
                ISSN (Electronic): 1678-7765
                Publication date (Print and electronic): February 2009
                Publication date (Print): February 2009
                Volume: 17
                Issue: 1
                Pages: 1-7
                Affiliations
                [1 ]DDS, MSc, PhD, Chairman and Professor of Endodontics, Department of Oral Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
                [2 ]DDS, MSc, PhD, Chairman and Professor of Endodontics, Department of Endodontics, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
                [3 ]DDS, MSc, PhD, Reader in Endodontology, Dean of the Post-graduate Program in Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
                [4 ]DDS, MSc, PhD, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
                Author notes
                Correspondence Address: Prof. Carlos Estrela – Centro de Ensino e Pesquisa Odontológica do Brasil – Rua C-245, Quadra 546, Lote 9, Jardim América Goiânia -GO – 74.290-200, Brasil – e-mail: estrela3@ 123456terra.com.br
                Article
                Publisher ID: S1678-77572009000100002
                DOI: 10.1590/S1678-77572009000100002
                PMC ID: 4327605
                PubMed ID: 19148398
                SO-VID: 60cefb78-3f2b-4571-98ff-b12b76e86dd8
                License:

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 04 January 2008
                Date revision received : 25 May 2008
                Date accepted : 27 May 2008
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 4, Equations: 0, References: 45, Pages: 7
                Categories
                Subject: Review

                Keywords: biofilm,intracanal medicaments,antimicrobial efficacy
                Data availability:
                Keywords: biofilm, intracanal medicaments, antimicrobial efficacy

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