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      Progress Towards Commercially Viable Li-S Battery Cells

      , ,
      Advanced Energy Materials
      Wiley-Blackwell

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          Dendrite-free lithium deposition via self-healing electrostatic shield mechanism.

          Rechargeable lithium metal batteries are considered the "Holy Grail" of energy storage systems. Unfortunately, uncontrollable dendritic lithium growth inherent in these batteries (upon repeated charge/discharge cycling) has prevented their practical application over the past 40 years. We show a novel mechanism that can fundamentally alter dendrite formation. At low concentrations, selected cations (such as cesium or rubidium ions) exhibit an effective reduction potential below the standard reduction potential of lithium ions. During lithium deposition, these additive cations form a positively charged electrostatic shield around the initial growth tip of the protuberances without reduction and deposition of the additives. This forces further deposition of lithium to adjacent regions of the anode and eliminates dendrite formation in lithium metal batteries. This strategy may also prevent dendrite growth in lithium-ion batteries as well as other metal batteries and transform the surface uniformity of coatings deposited in many general electrodeposition processes.
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            Graphene-wrapped sulfur particles as a rechargeable lithium-sulfur battery cathode material with high capacity and cycling stability.

            We report the synthesis of a graphene-sulfur composite material by wrapping poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) coated submicrometer sulfur particles with mildly oxidized graphene oxide sheets decorated by carbon black nanoparticles. The PEG and graphene coating layers are important to accommodating volume expansion of the coated sulfur particles during discharge, trapping soluble polysulfide intermediates, and rendering the sulfur particles electrically conducting. The resulting graphene-sulfur composite showed high and stable specific capacities up to ∼600 mAh/g over more than 100 cycles, representing a promising cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries with high energy density.
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              On the Surface Chemical Aspects of Very High Energy Density, Rechargeable Li–Sulfur Batteries

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Advanced Energy Materials
                Adv. Energy Mater.
                Wiley-Blackwell
                16146832
                August 2015
                August 21 2015
                : 5
                : 16
                : 1500118
                Article
                10.1002/aenm.201500118
                610859a3-0e3e-44a1-971b-8d4321b81127
                © 2015

                http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1

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