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      Three new species of foetid Gymnopus in New Zealand

      Author(s): ,
      Publication date Created:
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      Journal: MycoKeys
      Publisher: Pensoft Publishers

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          Abstract

          We describe three new species, Gymnopus imbricatus, G. ceraceicola and G. hakaroa, from New Zealand that are similar to G. foetidus (= Micromphale foetidum), growing on wood, with an insititious stipe and foetid odour. The position of these species within the /gymnopoid clade is confirmed by ITS sequence analysis.

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          One hundred and seventeen clades of euagarics.

          Stig Jacobsson, Rytas Vilgalys, Heinz Clémençon … (2002)
          This study provides a first broad systematic treatment of the euagarics as they have recently emerged in phylogenetic systematics. The sample consists of 877 homobasidiomycete taxa and includes approximately one tenth (ca. 700 species) of the known number of species of gilled mushrooms that were traditionally classified in the order Agaricales. About 1000 nucleotide sequences at the 5(') end of the nuclear large ribosomal subunit gene (nLSU) were produced for each taxon. Phylogenetic analyses of nucleotide sequence data employed unequally weighted parsimony and bootstrap methods. Clades revealed by the analyses support the recognition of eight major groups of homobasidiomycetes that cut across traditional lines of classification, in agreement with other recent phylogenetic studies. Gilled fungi comprise the majority of species in the euagarics clade. However, the recognition of a monophyletic euagarics results in the exclusion from the clade of several groups of gilled fungi that have been traditionally classified in the Agaricales and necessitates the inclusion of several clavaroid, poroid, secotioid, gasteroid, and reduced forms that were traditionally classified in other basidiomycete orders. A total of 117 monophyletic groups (clades) of euagarics can be recognized on the basis on nLSU phylogeny. Though many clades correspond to traditional taxonomic groups, many do not. Newly discovered phylogenetic affinities include for instance relationships of the true puffballs (Lycoperdales) with Agaricaceae, of Panellus and the poroid fungi Dictyopanus and Favolaschia with Mycena, and of the reduced fungus Caripia with Gymnopus. Several clades are best supported by ecological, biochemical, or trophic habits rather than by morphological similarities. (c) 2002 Elsevier Science (USA).
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            Phylogenetic relationships in the gymnopoid and marasmioid fungi (Basidiomycetes, euagarics clade)

            A Wilson, D. E. Desjardin (2005)
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              A new genus to accommodate Gymnopus acervatus (Agaricales).

              Karen Hughes, David A Mather, Ronald H Petersen (2010)
              Phylogenies based on ITS and LSU nrDNA sequences show Agaricus (Gymnopus) acervatus as unique within the Gymnopus/Rhodocollybia complex. These phylogenies imply that a separate genus is necessary, and Connopus is proposed. Infraspecific morphological and DNA-based variation within C. acervatus suggests that a western North American clade might be reproductively isolated from the eastern North American/Scandinavian clade and that in this species complex the European and eastern North American clade might be conspecific. A Scandinavian exemplar is selected for bar-coding. Two GenBank sequences with name-phylogenetic placement inconsistencies are identified.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Title: MycoKeys
                Abbreviated Title: MC
                Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
                ISSN (Electronic): 1314-4049
                ISSN (Print): 1314-4057
                Publication date Created: June 26 2013
                Publication date (Electronic): June 26 2013
                Volume: 7
                Pages: 31-44
                Article
                DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.7.4710
                SO-VID: 6166b2a2-f30b-41d0-9ad1-b8065f84928c
                Copyright © © 2013
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                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

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