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      Prevalence of age-related macular degeneration in a large European cohort: results from the population-based Gutenberg Health Study.

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          Abstract

          The aim of this study was to describe the sex- and age-specific prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and its correlation with urban or rural residence in a large and relatively young European cohort.

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          The Wisconsin age-related maculopathy grading system.

          Ronald Klein, Matthew D Davis, Yvonne Magli … (1991)
          A new system for grading age-related maculopathy is described and measures of reliability are reported. A number of characteristics of age-related maculopathy are graded in a semiquantitative fashion from stereoscopic 30 degrees color fundus photographs, using a grid to define subfields, standard circles printed on plastic to assess size and area, and a specially designed lightbox to allow better discrimination of subtle drusen. The degree of exact agreement achieved between two trained graders across a variety of lesions ranged from 67.1% for drusen size to 99.6% for geographic atrophy. Kappa scores ranged from 0.55 (for drusen confluence) to 0.95 for geographic atrophy. This system will be useful in epidemiologic studies and clinical trials.
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            The prevalence of age-related macular degeneration in Asians: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

            Ryo Kawasaki, Miho Yasuda, Su Song … (2010)
            To determine the prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in Asian populations and to compare this with prevalence in white populations. A clear understanding of AMD prevalence in Asians is essential to meet future demands for eye health care. We searched published literature reporting AMD prevalence in Asian populations. We limited studies examined to those using standardized grading systems (either the Wisconsin Age-Related Maculopathy Grading System or the international classification proposed by the International ARM Epidemiological Study Group). We used metaanalytical methods to calculate age-specific pooled prevalence of AMD using inverse-variance weighting in a random effect model. We also calculated pooled estimates of age-standardized prevalence. A metaregression model was used to examine gender differences and differences between Asian and white populations. We identified 9 studies reporting AMD prevalence from 4 Asian populations. Pooled prevalence estimates of early and late AMD in Asian populations aged 40 to 79 years were 6.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.6%-8.9%) and 0.56% (95% CI, 0.30%-0.81%), respectively; corresponding prevalence estimates in white populations were 8.8% (95% CI, 3.8%-13.8%) and 0.59% (95% CI, 0.35%-0.84%), respectively. Reliable prevalence estimates of AMD in Asian persons aged > or =80 years were not available owing to small subject numbers in this age category. Among persons aged 40 to 79 years, the age-specific prevalence of late AMD in Asians was comparable with that reported from white populations, but early AMD signs were less common among Asians. Further studies in Asian populations are warranted to investigate whether certain specific AMD phenotypes or subtypes, such as polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, are more common. Copyright 2010 American Academy of Ophthalmology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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              The prevalence of age-related maculopathy in the Rotterdam Study.

              J. R. Vingerling, I Dielemans, A Hofman … (1995)
              To determine the prevalence of age-related maculopathy in an elderly population in The Netherlands. Fundus photographs of 6251 participants of the Rotterdam Study, a single-center prospective follow-up study in persons 55 to 98 years of age, were reviewed for the presence of drusen, pigmentary abnormalities, and atrophic or neovascular age-related macular degeneration. The prevalence of at least one drusen of 63 microns or larger increased from 40.8% in persons 55 to 64 years of age to 52.6% in those 85 years of age or older. Similarly, the prevalence of the following abnormalities increased significantly in these age categories: drusen of 125 microns or larger from 4.8% to 17.5%, retinal pigment epithelial hypopigmentations from 3.5% to 9.0%, and increased retinal pigment from 3.7% to 15.3%. Atrophic or neovascular age-related macular degeneration was present in 1.7% of the total population. Atrophic age-related macular degeneration increased from 0.1% in persons 55 to 64 years of age to 3.7% in those 85 years of age or older. Neovascular age-related macular degeneration increased from 0.1% to 7.4% in these age groups. No sex differences were observed for these lesions. The prevalence of atrophic or neovascular age-related macular degeneration is 1.7%. In those 55 years of age or older, the prevalence increases strongly with age and it is similar in men and women. Neovascular age-related macular degeneration was twice as common as atrophic age-related macular degeneration. These findings suggest that age-related maculopathy may be less common in this European population than in similar populations in the United States.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Graefes Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol.
                Title: Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv für klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie
                ISSN (Electronic): 1435-702X
                ISSN (Print): 0721-832X
                Publication date (Electronic): Sep 2014
                Volume: 252
                Issue: 9
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr.1, 55131, Mainz, Germany, christina.korb@unimedizin-mainz.de.
                Article
                DOI: 10.1007/s00417-014-2591-9
                PubMed ID: 24566902
                SO-VID: 61826e4a-038e-468c-aef1-1642c777b637
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