8
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: not found

      Episodic Diversifying Selection Shaped the Genomes of Gibbon Ape Leukemia Virus and Related Gammaretroviruses.

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Gibbon ape leukemia viruses (GALVs) are part of a larger group of pathogenic gammaretroviruses present across phylogenetically diverse host species of Australasian mammals. Despite the biomedical utility of GALVs as viral vectors and in cancer gene therapy, full genome sequences have not been determined for all of the five identified GALV strains, nor has a comprehensive evolutionary analysis been performed. We therefore generated complete genomic sequences for each GALV strain using hybridization capture and high-throughput sequencing. The four strains of GALV isolated from gibbons formed a monophyletic clade that was closely related to the woolly monkey virus (WMV), which is a GALV strain that likely originated in a gibbon host. The GALV-WMV clade in turn formed a sister group to the koala retroviruses (KoRVs). Genomic signatures of episodic diversifying selection were detected among the gammaretroviruses with concentration in the env gene across the GALV strains that were particularly oncogenic and KoRV strains that were potentially exogenous, likely reflecting their adaptation to the host immune system. In vitro studies involving vectors chimeric between GALV and KoRV-B established that variable regions A and B of the surface unit of the envelope determine which receptor is used by a viral strain to enter host cells.

          Related collections

          Author and article information

          Journal
          J. Virol.
          Journal of virology
          American Society for Microbiology
          1098-5514
          0022-538X
          Dec 04 2015
          : 90
          : 4
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany.
          [2 ] Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Bronx, New York, USA Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics and Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, USA.
          [3 ] Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
          [4 ] Section on Directed Gene Transfer, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Regulation, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
          [5 ] Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany greenwood@izw-berlin.de.
          Article
          JVI.02745-15
          10.1128/JVI.02745-15
          4734002
          26637454
          61953553-a46b-4346-b9b2-5b86f6fb353e
          History

          Comments

          Comment on this article