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      A restudy of Utahcaris orion (Euarthropoda) from the Spence Shale (Middle Cambrian, Utah, USA)

      Author(s): ,  
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: Geological Magazine
      Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)

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          Abstract

          Utahcaris orion Conway Morris & Robison, 1988, from the lower middle Cambrian (Series 3, Stage 5) Spence Shale Member situated in Utah, USA, is redescribed based on a restudy of the original material. Newly recognized features, including ventral lateral eyes, trunk appendages, and a bulbous cephalic shield with subtriangular extension, reinforce similarities with Sanctacaris uncata from the middle Cambrian Burgess Shale. Both are assigned to the new family, Sanctacarididae. Sanctacaridids represent the oldest chelicerates. Their ecology and that of their nearest non-chelicerate relatives indicate that Chelicerata were plesiomorphically predatory.

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          The operated Markov´s chains in economy (discrete chains of Markov with the income)

          Grigoriy Sokolov (2015)
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            Arthropod fossil data increase congruence of morphological and molecular phylogenies.

            D. Sutton, Lynn Legg, Gregory Edgecombe (2012)
            The relationships of major arthropod clades have long been contentious, but refinements in molecular phylogenetics underpin an emerging consensus. Nevertheless, molecular phylogenies have recovered topologies that morphological phylogenies have not, including the placement of hexapods within a paraphyletic Crustacea, and an alliance between myriapods and chelicerates. Here we show enhanced congruence between molecular and morphological phylogenies based on 753 morphological characters for 309 fossil and Recent panarthropods. We resolve hexapods within Crustacea, with remipedes as their closest extant relatives, and show that the traditionally close relationship between myriapods and hexapods is an artefact of convergent character acquisition during terrestrialisation. The inclusion of fossil morphology mitigates long-branch artefacts as exemplified by pycnogonids: when fossils are included, they resolve with euchelicerates rather than as a sister taxon to all other euarthropods.
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              Middle Cambrian arthropods from Utah

              Derek Briggs, Bruce Lieberman, Jonathan Hendricks … (2008)
              The Middle Cambrian Spence Shale Member (Langston Formation) and Wheeler and Marjum Formations of Utah are known to contain a diverse soft-bodied fauna, but important new paleontological material continues to be uncovered from these strata. New specimens of anomalocaridids include the largest and smallest near complete examples yet reported from Utah. New material of stem group arthropods includes two new genera and species of arachnomorphs: Nettapezoura basilika and Dicranocaris guntherorum. Other new arachnomorph material includes a new species of Leanchoilia comparable to L. protogonia Simonetta, 1970; Leanchoilia superlata? Walcott, 1912; Sidneyia Walcott, 1911a; and Mollisonia symmetrica Walcott, 1912. L. protogonia from the Burgess Shale is confirmed as a separate species and is not a composite fossil. The first example of the trilobite Elrathia kingii preserving traces of the appendages is described. In addition, new material of the bivalved arthropods Canadaspis Novozhilov in Orlov, 1960; Branchiocaris Briggs, 1976; Waptia Walcott, 1912; and Isoxys Walcott, 1890 is described.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Title: Geological Magazine
                Abbreviated Title: Geol. Mag.
                Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
                ISSN (Print): 0016-7568
                ISSN (Electronic): 1469-5081
                Publication date Created: January 2017
                Publication date (Electronic): August 31 2016
                Publication date (Print): January 2017
                Volume: 154
                Issue: 1
                Pages: 181-186
                Article
                DOI: 10.1017/S0016756816000789
                SO-VID: 61b8e413-443b-4175-b5d2-9839e5cb3793
                Copyright © © 2017
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