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      Left-right asymmetric and smaller right habenula volume in major depressive disorder on high-resolution 7-T magnetic resonance imaging

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          Abstract

          The habenula (Hb) has been hypothesized to play an essential role in major depressive disorder (MDD) as it is considered to be an important node between fronto-limbic areas and midbrain monoaminergic structures based on animal studies. In this study, we aimed to investigate the differences in volume and T1 value of the Hb between patients with MDD and healthy control (HC) subjects. Analysis for the Hb volumes was performed using high-resolution 7-T magnetic resonance (MR) image data from 33 MDD patients and 36 healthy subjects. Two researchers blinded to the clinical data manually delineated the habenular nuclei and Hb volume, and T1 values were calculated based on overlapping voxels. We compared the Hb volume and T1 value between the MDD and HC groups and compared the volume and T1 values between the left and right Hbs in each group. Compared to HC subjects, MDD patients had a smaller right Hb volume; however, there was no significant volume difference in the left Hb between groups. In the MDD group, the right Hb was smaller in volume and lower in T1 value than the left Hb. The present findings suggest a smaller right Hb volume and left-right asymmetry of Hb volume in MDD. Future high-resolution 7-T MR imaging studies with larger sample sizes will be needed to derive a more definitive conclusion.

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          The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh inventory

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            The clinical global impressions scale: applying a research tool in clinical practice.

            This paper reviews the potential value in daily clinical practice of an easily applied research tool, the Clinical Global Impressions (CGI) Scale, for the nonresearcher clinician to quantify and track patient progress and treatment response over time. The instrument is described and sample patient scenarios are provided with scoring rationales and a practical charting system. The CGI severity and improvement scales offer a readily understood, practical measurement tool that can easily be administered by a clinician in a busy clinical practice setting.
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              Mapping brain asymmetry.

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: InvestigationRole: Project administrationRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: Data curationRole: SupervisionRole: Validation
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Supervision
                Role: Visualization
                Role: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole: ValidationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: Editor
                Journal
                PLoS One
                PLoS One
                plos
                PLoS ONE
                Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )
                1932-6203
                3 August 2021
                2021
                : 16
                : 8
                : e0255459
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
                [2 ] Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
                [3 ] Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
                [4 ] Department of Radiological Science, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
                King’s College London, UNITED KINGDOM
                Author notes

                Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

                ‡ CKK and SGK are contributed equally to this work as corresponding authors.

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7549-7929
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4933-0433
                Article
                PONE-D-20-18962
                10.1371/journal.pone.0255459
                8330903
                34343199
                61b99360-6ac0-4b03-8649-b8deec2e014a
                © 2021 Cho et al

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 20 June 2020
                : 18 July 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 3, Tables: 4, Pages: 18
                Funding
                Funded by: funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003625, Ministry of Health and Welfare;
                Award ID: HI17C2665
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: korean government (msit)
                Award ID: NRF-2020R1A2C1007527
                This research was supported by a grant from the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI), funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (grant number: HI17C2665). This work was also supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MSIT), grant number NRF-2020R1A2C1007527. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
                Categories
                Research Article
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Mental Health and Psychiatry
                Mood Disorders
                Depression
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Diagnostic Medicine
                Diagnostic Radiology
                Magnetic Resonance Imaging
                Research and Analysis Methods
                Imaging Techniques
                Diagnostic Radiology
                Magnetic Resonance Imaging
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Radiology and Imaging
                Diagnostic Radiology
                Magnetic Resonance Imaging
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Pharmacology
                Drugs
                Antidepressants
                Research and Analysis Methods
                Imaging Techniques
                Neuroimaging
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Neuroscience
                Neuroimaging
                Physical Sciences
                Physics
                Relaxation (Physics)
                Relaxation Time
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Neuroscience
                Brain Mapping
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Mental Health and Psychiatry
                Schizophrenia
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Mental Health and Psychiatry
                Suicide
                Custom metadata
                We fully disclosed our data at the following URL: https://www.kaggle.com/seoeuncho/habenula-volume-in-mdd.

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                Uncategorized

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