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      Quality of maize seeds harvested and husked at high moisture levels Translated title: Qualidade de sementes de milho colhidas e despalhadas com altos teores de água

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          Abstract

          Harvest of maize seeds with high moisture levels has been recommended; nevertheless, after harvest, the ears undergo the process of husking and there is a need to assess the compatibility of these processes. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of mechanical husking on the quality of maize seeds collected at high moisture levels. Dent BM 3061 hybrid maize seeds, manually collected from the ear, with moisture contents of 45%, 40% and 35%, and a 20/64 round sieve were used. The ears were mechanically husked (CWA machine, 312 rpm), dried in a stationary drier at 35 ⁰C until reaching 22% moisture, followed by drying at 42 ºC until reaching 12%. Then, they underwent shelling, followed by a chemical treatment with Maxin® + K-obiol® + Actellic®. Seed quality was assessed according to the occurrence tests of mechanical damage, first count, germination, seedling emergence, emergence speed index, average emergence time, electrical conductivity, accelerated aging, cold test, and seed health test at every quarter for 9 months. The mechanical husking affects maize seed quality, depending on the degree of seed moisture at harvest and on the material studied. This hybrid's seeds can be collected with seed moisture levels at 40% with the use of mechanical husking.

          Translated abstract

          A colheita de sementes de milho tem sido recomendada com elevados teores de água, no entanto, após a colheita, as espigas são submetidas à despalha, sendo necessário avaliar a compatibilidade destes processos. O objetivo foi avaliar os efeitos da despalha mecânica na qualidade de sementes de milho colhidas com elevados teores de água. Foram utilizadas sementes de milho híbrido BM 3061 dentado, peneira circular 20/64, colhidas manualmente em espigas, com teores de água de 45%, 40% e 35%, despalha mecânica (despalhadora CWA, 312 rpm), secagem em secador estacionário a 35 ºC até atingirem 22% de teor de água e posterior secagem a 42 ºC até 12%. Procedeu-se a debulha seguida do tratamento químico com Maxin® + K-obiol® + Actellic®. A qualidade das sementes foi avaliada pelos testes de incidência de danos mecânicos, primeira contagem, germinação, emergência de plântulas, índice de velocidade de emergência, tempo médio de emergência, condutividade elétrica, envelhecimento acelerado, teste frio e teste de sanidade, a cada três meses, durante nove meses. A despalha mecânica interfere na qualidade das sementes de milho, dependendo da umidade das mesmas na colheita e do material estudado. Sementes desse híbrido podem ser colhidas com teores de água de 40% com utilização da despalha mecânica.

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          Most cited references37

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          Regraspara análise de sementes

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            Fisiologia de sementes de plantas cultivadas

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              A Germinação das Sementes

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                jss
                Journal of Seed Science
                J. Seed Sci.
                ABRATES - Associação Brasileira de Tecnologia de Sementes (Londrina, PR, Brazil )
                2317-1537
                2317-1545
                2013
                : 35
                : 3
                : 276-283
                Affiliations
                [01] Lavras MG orgnameUniversidade Federal de Lavras orgdiv1Departamento de Agricultura/Fitotecnia Brasil
                Article
                S2317-15372013000300001 S2317-1537(13)03500300001
                10.1590/S2317-15372013000300001
                629718b6-4066-42e4-afd4-253d66e21e20

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 04 March 2013
                : 09 October 2012
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 31, Pages: 8
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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI: Full text available only in PDF format (EN)

                mechanical husking,Zea mays,early harvest,colheita antecipada,danos mecânicos,mechanical damage,despalha mecânica

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