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      Colon cancer: cancer stem cells markers, drug resistance and treatment.

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          Abstract

          Malignant tumours consist of heterogeneous populations of tumour cells. Cancer stem cells (CSC) represent a population of cells within a tumour with highly tumorigenic and chemoresistant properties. These cells may be identified by the expression of CSC markers. There are several key stem cells markers specified for colon cancer: CD133, CD44, ALDH1, ALCAM. These days, a major obstacle to effective cancer management is development of a multidrug resistance (MDR). The principal mechanism responsible for development of MDR phenotype is the over-expression of ABC transporters. Tumours and relapsing tumours after therapy are drived by subpopulations of tumour cells with aggressive phenotype resistant to chemotherapeutics. These cells are called CSC or tumour-initiating cells (TIC). Here we outline recent information about MDR of colon cancer and CSC markers. We have focused on novel therapeutic strategies which have been developed to prevent or overcome MDR. One such strategy is a combination of chemotherapy and modulators of MDR pumps or chemotherapy and monoclonal antibodies against vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF. Colon cancer is characterized by the presence of colon CSC expressing specific stem cell markers. The divergent presence of these markers can help to adjust personalized therapy. The review provides a detailed overview of resistance of colon cancer cells and discusses how the presence of CSC markers can influence therapy and prognosis of patients.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Biomed. Pharmacother.
          Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & pharmacothérapie
          1950-6007
          0753-3322
          Oct 2014
          : 68
          : 8
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Department of Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Vlarska 7, 83391 Bratislava, Slovakia. Electronic address: zuzana.kozovska@savba.sk.
          [2 ] Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, 83232 Bratislava, Slovakia.
          [3 ] Department of Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Vlarska 7, 83391 Bratislava, Slovakia.
          Article
          S0753-3322(14)00148-6
          10.1016/j.biopha.2014.10.019
          25458789
          62d18b0e-bf10-4d98-b68e-a772bc9dd6be
          Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
          History

          Aldehyd dehydrogenase ALDH1,Cancer stem cells markers,Colon cancer,Multidrug resistance

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