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      Fate of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on Fresh-Cut Apple Tissue and Its Potential for Transmission by Fruit Flies

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          ABSTRACT

          Pathogenic Escherichia coli O157:H7, as well as nonpathogenic strains ATCC 11775 and ATCC 23716, grew exponentially in wounds on Golden Delicious apple fruit. The exponential growth occurred over a longer time period on fruit inoculated with a lower concentration of the bacterium than on fruit inoculated with a higher concentration. The bacterium reached the maximum population supported in the wounds regardless of the initial inoculum concentrations. Populations of E. coli O157:H7 in various concentrations of sterilized apple juice and unsterilized cider declined over time and declined more quickly in diluted juice and cider. The decline was greater in the unsterilized cider than in juice, which may have resulted from the interaction of E. coli O157:H7 with natural populations of yeasts that increased with time. Experiments on the transmission of E. coli by fruit flies, collected from a compost pile of decaying apples and peaches, were conducted with strain F-11775, a fluorescent transformant of nonpathogenic E. coli ATCC 11775. Fruit flies were easily contaminated externally and internally with E. coli F-11775 after contact with the bacterium source. The flies transmitted this bacterium to uncontaminated apple wounds, resulting in a high incidence of contaminated wounds. Populations of the bacterium in apple wounds increased significantly during the first 48 h after transmission. Further studies under commercial conditions are necessary to confirm these findings.

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          Most cited references27

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          Pathogenic Microorganisms Associated with Fresh Produce

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            Emerging foodborne diseases: an evolving public health challenge.

            R Tauxe (1997)
            The epidemiology of foodborne disease is changing. New pathogens have emerged, and some have spread worldwide. Many, including Salmonella, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Campylobacter, and Yersinia enterocolitica, have reservoirs in healthy food animals, from which they spread to an increasing variety of foods. These pathogens cause millions of cases of sporadic illness and chronic complications, as well as large and challenging outbreaks over many states and nations. Improved surveillance that combines rapid subtyping methods, cluster identification, and collaborative epidemiologic investigation can identify and halt large, dispersed outbreaks. Outbreak investigations and case-control studies of sporadic cases can identify sources of infection and guide the development of specific prevention strategies. Better understanding of how pathogens persist in animal reservoirs is also critical to successful long-term prevention. In the past, the central challenge of foodborne disease lay in preventing the contamination of human food with sewage or animal manure. In the future, prevention of foodborne disease will increasingly depend on controlling contamination of feed and water consumed by the animals themselves.
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              The Epidemiology of Infections Caused by Escherichia coli O157: H7, Other Enterohemorrhagic E. coli, and the Associated Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Applied and Environmental Microbiology
                Appl Environ Microbiol
                American Society for Microbiology
                0099-2240
                1098-5336
                January 1999
                January 1999
                : 65
                : 1
                : 1-5
                Affiliations
                [1 ]<!--label omitted: 1-->Appalachian Fruit Research Station, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Kearneysville, West Virginia 254301;
                [2 ]<!--label omitted: 2-->Horticultural Crops Quality Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 207052; and
                [3 ]<!--label omitted: 3-->Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania 190383
                Article
                10.1128/AEM.65.1.1-5.1999
                630a848a-f4ec-4a2a-ae5c-c6518005689d
                © 1999

                https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license

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